小汤山医院SARS病房内外空气中SARS病毒及其RNA的检测  

Detection of SARS coronavirus RNA in air samples from the sickroom and out-sickroom of Xiao Tang-Hill Hospital

作　　者：魏巍[1] 李劲松[1] 肖文君[1] 王明连[1] 王洁[1] 辛英[2] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所病原微生物生物安全国家重点实验室,北京100071 [2]解放军88医院,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2005年第6期648-651,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：全军非典型肺炎防治重大科技项目(03F015-2)

摘　　要：目的:了解小汤山医院病区空气中的SARS病毒污染情况。方法:2003年6月4日～8日采用FA-II型空气微生物采样器在病房、内走廊、护士站和病房排气口下风向5m处4个地点连续采样4d。之后进行空气样本的洗脱、Vero-E6细胞培养、RT-PCR及序列测定。结果:小汤山医院每天采集19个空气样品,4d共采集76个空气样品。病房、内走廊、护士站和病房排气口下风向5m处4个地点均有病毒核酸检出,其中以病房排气口下风向5m处的阳性率最高(58.3%),护士站相对较低(25.0%);病房(52.1%)和内走廊(50.0%)的阳性率相当。结论:小汤山医院空气中SARS病毒的污染比较严重,急性后期的病患仍然从呼吸道大量排毒;但在病房室内外的空气中没有检测到活的SARS病毒,初步评估认为,SARS病人病房采取通风和消毒的措施对降低室内污染程度是非常有益的;而空气消毒和环境因素对SARS病毒的存活有较大的影响,故SARS病人病房排出的空气对周边环境造成的危害很小。Objective:To assess the risk of the sick-districts aerosol infection in Xiao Tang-Hill hospital in Beijing.Methods:FA-II microbial sampler was used to sample incessantly at four spots (Corridors, 5 m to the lee of exhaust fans, nurse-station and sickrooms) during four days, then washing of air samples, isolation of total RNA, RT-PCR, Vero-E6 cells culture and cDNA sequencing analysis were accomplished.Results:Seventy-six samples were got during four days (nineteen samples/each day).SARS-CoV RNA was detected at all four spots in hospital, among which the detecting positive rate of the air samples from 5m to the lee of exhaust fans was the highest (58.3%), the rate of the air samples from nurse-station was the lowest (25.0%), the rate of air samples from sickrooms (52.1%) and the one from corridors (50.0%) was equivalent.Conclusion:There is badly contaminated in the air of the sickroom and out-sickroom of Xiao Tang-Hill hospital by SARS coronavirus, the convalescence patients still exhale viruses by respiratory tract, but we did not inspected active SARS Coronavirus in the air of the sickroom and out-sickroom of Xiao Tang-Hill hospital.Probably the SARS coronavirus in the air samples is susceptive to disinfector, having lesser resistibility to outer circumstance, so strict disinfections, isolation and ventilation can be a useful method for reducing efforts to control SARS coronavirus aerosols in the sick-districts.The air exhausted from the sickroom almost does no harm to the ambience.

关 键 词：SARS病毒 小汤山医院 SARS病房 检测 内外 RNA SARS病人 2003年6月 Vero-E6 微生物采样器 RT-PCR 空气样品 护士站 污染情况 病区空气 细胞培养 序列测定 病毒核酸 医院空气 初步评估 污染程度 环境因素 空气消毒 周边环境 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R254.05[医药卫生—内科学]