不同类型健身运动处方对大学生身体形态的影响  

Effects of various body building exercise prescriptions on the body shape of university students

作　　者：张丽玉[1] 吴燕波[1] 陈喜福[1] 吴婵清[1] 陈洁营[1] 

机构地区：[1]韩山师范学院体育系,广东省潮州市521041

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第16期174-176,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

基　　金：广东省教育科学"十五"规划项目省教厅重点课题子课题(GZA02005)~~

摘　　要：目的:在课外体育活动中进行健身运动处方锻炼实验,探讨不同类型健身运动处方对大学生身体形态的影响。方法:于2003-09/12选择韩山师范学院一、二年级学生175人为实验对象。按实施健身运动处方的不同分为8个实验组,包括速度组、力量组、耐力组、灵敏组、柔韧组、增重组、全面组、瘦身组,每组18～23人。处方内容以提高人体速度、耐力、力量、灵敏、柔韧、瘦身、增重及全面发展为主要内容的各种健身运动方法的合理组合,并经专家的指导修改确定。处方实验由8组学生在下午课外体育活动中实施,锻炼持续时间12周,每周3次,40min/次(准备部分5min,基本部分30min和整理部分5min)。运动强度以基本部分平均心率来评定,要求达到130～150次/min。期间实验对象的起居、饮食、日常学习基本一致。结果:175人均完成12周锻炼,全部测量指标进入结果分析①锻炼后大学生体质量的变化主要表现在增重组和瘦身组实验前后的显著性变化,而其他各组未见显著变化。锻炼后男女增重组、男灵敏组体质量指数明显提高,男女瘦身组明显下降。②锻炼后各围度的变化不同:男力量、男女增重组胸围增大非常显著。男女速度组,男女力量组、女耐力组腰围明显减少。男女瘦身组腰围减少非常明显。男女瘦身组臀围明显下降。而男女增重组臀围显著增大。AIM:To perform body building exercise prescription training in extracurricular physical activities, and investigate the effect of body building exercise presc ription of various type on the body shape of university students. METHODS:Between September and December 2003,175 students in grade 1 and grade 2 of Hanshan Teacher's College were divided into 8 experimental groups according to the different body building exercise prescription they participated in:veloc ity group,strength group,endurance group, sensitivity group,flexibility group,bo dy mass gaining group,comprehension group and body mass losing group, there were 18 to 23 students in each group.The prescription was the reasonable composition of various body building exercises for improving the velocity,endurance,strengt h,sensitivity and flexibility,losing and gaining body mass,and comprehensive dev elopment,the prescription was instructed and modified by the specialists.The pre scription experiment was carried out among the students during the extracurricul ar physical activities in the afternoon for 12 weeks,3 times every week,40 minut es for each time (5 minutes for preparation,30 minutes for main part,5 minutes f or arrangement).The exercise intensity was evaluated with the average heart rate (130 to 150 beats per minutes) during the main part of the exercise.The daily l ife, diet and learning of the subjects during the experiment were almost the sam e. RESULTS:All the 175 cases had completed the 12 week training,and all their me asured indexes were involved in the analysis of results.①After exercise trainin g,the changes of the body mass of university students mainly manifested by the s ignificant changes before and after experiment in the body mass gaining and losi ng groups, and no marked changes were observed in other groups;After exercise tr aining,the body mass index was obviously increased in the male and female body m ass gaining groups and male sensitivity group,but remarkably decreased in the ma le and female body mass losing groups;②Differ

关 键 词：身体锻炼 运动 处方 非药物 学生 身体形态 

分 类 号：R339.4[医药卫生—人体生理学]