车辆轮对踏面缺陷的光电检测方法研究  

Research on the method of measuring defects of wheel set tread using optoelectronic technique

作　　者：吴开华[1] 严匡[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州电子科技大学自动化学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《光学技术》2005年第3期465-467,共3页Optical Technique

基　　金：浙江省教育厅基金(20040446)

摘　　要：铁路车辆轮对踏面的擦伤与剥离是车辆在运行过程中形成的一种常见的不规则表面缺陷,是轮对检修过程中必须检测的一个项目。提出了一种利用光电技术非接触测量此表面缺陷的方法。该方法在轮对旋转条件下,用精密激光位移传感器对踏面进行快速扫描,采集值经处理后被转换为数字图像,再通过图像处理识别是否存在表面缺陷。必要时通过对缺陷部位的往复扫描,更准确识别出擦伤与剥离是否超出段修限度。该方法可有效检测出踏面缺陷,重复性好,可满足车辆段修现场使用要求。The scotching and flaking on wheel tread are irregular defects frequently formed in the running process of train vehicle. A non-contacted measuring method of the tread defects was put forward using optoelectronic technique. The method used precision laser displacement sensor to scan the tread and acquired the position while the wheel set was rotating at certain speed. The displacement data of different points were processed and transformed to digital image. Digital image processing and mode recognition algorithms were used to distinguish and judge whether or not the failures were exist. If necessary, back and forth scanning over the defect area was done in order to detect the defects at high accuracy. Experimental results show that the method can detect the failures effectively. The repeatability and accuracy of the method can meet the demand of wheel set maintaining.

关 键 词：车辆轮对 踏面缺陷 光电检测方法 图像处理 

分 类 号：TN29[电子电信—物理电子学] U272[机械工程—车辆工程]