湖泊水质卫星遥感方法及其应用  

METHOD OF SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING OF LAKE WATER QUALITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS

作　　者：尹球[1] 巩彩兰[1] 匡定波[1] 周宁[1] 胡勇[1] 张风丽[1] 许卫东[1] 马永泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所,上海200083

出　　处：《红外与毫米波学报》2005年第3期198-202,共5页Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40271084);国家863计划(86327425;2002AA13001014);上海市科技发展基金资助项目(011661077;02DZ15001;02DZ15002)

摘　　要：通过系统性的常规水质采样分析与水面光谱测量外场同步试验,建立了由FY1C多通道扫描辐射计、Landsat卫星TM和Seastar卫星SeaWiFS等在轨卫星多通道遥感器以及一组设想的遥感通道遥感反演叶绿素a浓度和总悬浮物浓度的优化通道组合模型,提出了一种利用水面上标准反射板的反射光谱和遥感图像本身确定大气透过率和反射率从而实现大气校正的水质指标卫星遥感反演方法.所建立的模型和方法被用于遥感解译我国典型富营养化湖泊太湖和滇池从80至90年代的富营养化程度及其分布状况随年份的变化.本项研究为进一步开展湖泊水质业务化卫星监测打下了基础.By field experiment in water sampling for chemical analysis and synchronous measurement of reflected light spectrum of water, the optimal channel combination models were obtained to retrieve chlorophyll-a concentration and suspended sediment concentration from remote sensing data of FY-1C multi-channel scanning radiometer, Landsat-5 TM, SeaWiFS Of Seasat and a supposed set of remote sensing channels. A method retrieving water quality parameters by satellite remote sensing was suggested, in which the atmospheric transmittance and reflectance were determined by the reflected light spectrum of standard reflecting board on water and satellite remote sensing images themselves for the atmospheric calibration. The models and methods were used to retrieve the eutrophic degree, its space distribution and its change with year of Tai lake and Dianchi lake, which are typical eutrophic lakes of china, in 1980s and 1990s. The results of this study could be as the bases for operational satellite remote sensing of water quality of lake.

关 键 词：卫星遥感 水环境 富营养化湖泊 光谱响应模型 环境监测 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] X832[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]