工资差异、城市生活能力与劳动力转移——一个基于中国背景的分析框架  

A Theory to Explain the Labor-transfer Mode in China A Framework Based on Chinese Background

作　　者：唐茂华[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津社会科学院城市经济研究所,博士天津300191

出　　处：《财经科学》2005年第4期46-53,共8页Finance & Economics

摘　　要：传统理论从工资收入差异角度阐释了劳动力转移的根本动因,但对我国特殊的“两栖”劳动力转移模式缺乏足够的解释力。本文基于对中国劳动力转移现实背景的抽象描述,认为决定劳动力能否实现从农村到城市的永久性转移的关键在于劳动力的转移能力———城市生活能力。我国“两栖”劳动力转移模式形成的主要原因并不在于转移制度约束,而是不变制度工资、家庭决策和非人力财富匮乏导致劳动力缺乏城市生活能力。“两栖”劳动力转移的长远意义在于为下一代的永久性转移积累人力资本和非人力财富。当前,最紧迫的任务是实现进城务工农民子女教育的市民化,保障他们平等的受教育的权利;改革农村教育制度,使之向务实有效方向发展。Based on the real situation of Chinese labor-transfer, the paper argues that the key reason of people transferring from rural area to urban is not the income gap, but the transfer ability. Once people have the urban-living ability, they then transfer to cities. The main reason of the un-complete labor transfer mode in China is not the institution restraint, but the lack of urban-living ability which is the certain result of constant institution wage, family decision and the lack of non-human wealth. The long-term meaning of the un-complete labor transfer lies in accumulating human capital and non-human wealth. Now, the urgent task is to realize the civilization of the transfer labor's children and reform the education system of rural area.

关 键 词：生活能力 城市 工资 分析框架 中国 劳动力转移模式 进城务工农民 农村教育制度 收入差异 传统理论 现实背景 转移能力 制度约束 家庭决策 人力资本 子女教育 永久性 解释力 市民化 受教育 财富 匮乏 改革 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济]