珠海港进出境船舶压舱水致病性弧菌的流行病学调查结果分析  

Analysis on epidemiologic investigation result of ballastic water in entry-exit shipping for pathogenic vibrio in Zhuhai Port

作　　者：林继灿[1] 杨泽[1] 吴博慈[1] 曾卫东[1] 叶立青[1] 赵俊华[1] 涂承宁[1] 闫文莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]珠海国际旅行卫生保健中心,519020

出　　处：《口岸卫生控制》2005年第3期8-10,18,共4页Port Health Control

摘　　要：目的了解其致病性弧菌的存在情况以及其与船舶卫生控制措施和卫生状况间的关系,为传染病监测及制定防制措施提供科学依据。方法采集珠海港入出境船舶压舱水、饮用水和珠海港海域海水,对水样进行弧菌科的分离鉴定,并对调查资料进行统计和分析。结果压舱水致病性弧菌检出率为86.20%,海水致病性弧菌检出率为78.13%,入境船舶上的饮用水致病性弧菌检出率为26.47%;入境船舶上饮用水致病性弧菌检出率大大高于管道饮用水中检出率;船舶卫生状况不同时,其饮用水中致病性弧菌检出率差异显著。结论致病性弧菌广泛分布于压舱水和海水中,压舱水排放对当地人民身体健康构成更大的威胁,对公共卫生的潜在危害性更大。制定规范的压舱水卫生管理措施乃当务之急。Objective To provide with the epidemiological basis concerned for the infectious diseases preventing and controlling measure through researching the distribution of pathogenic Vibrio from entry ship's ballast water in Zhuhai port. Methods To collect ballast water and potable water from the entry ship and seawater in Zhuhai port. Vibrio was isolated and identified from the samples. Local seawater was used as contrast. Results The isolate rate of the pathogenic Vibrio from ballast water was 86.20%, local seawater 78.13%, potable water 26.47 %. The isolate rate in entry ship's ballast water was higher than that of potable water. The isolate rate in potable water of differ entry ship's was different according to their sanitation. 12 genus of pathogenic Vibrio were isolated in the ballast water. The preponderant strains were V. alginolyticus、V. parahaemolyticus、V.carchariae and V. vulnificus. 2 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated in the ballast water were TDH gene positive. Conclusion The pathogenic Vibrio was distributed extensively in ballast water and seawater; the stains of pathogenic Vibrio were more in ballast water than that of in seawater. Letting off ballast water will threat to people health. The potable water in entry ship's was severely contaminated with pathogenic Vibrio. To provide with the water purification equipment maybe reduce the isolate rate of pathogenic Vibrio. The isolate rate in potable water of entry ship was related with the sanitation .It is necessary to establish sanitation measurement to control the pathogenic Vibrio in ballast water.

关 键 词：珠海港 进出境船舶 压舱水 致病性弧菌 流行病学 卫生检查 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学] R183[医药卫生—基础医学]