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作 者:殷企平[1]
机构地区:[1]浙江大学外国文学研究所,浙江杭州310058
出 处:《浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2005年第4期167-174,共8页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences
基 金:国家社会科学规划基金资助项目(S10101)
摘 要:《小杜丽》的结构并非像先前有些人所说的那样松散拖沓,而是精编细织的艺术佳品。小说紧凑的深层结构对其“凌乱”的表层结构形成了一种有力的反衬。书中最具黏合力的是莫多尔先生所代表的“进步”潮流———是他刮起的股市风波把书中所有人物的命运联系在了一起。小说原文中“progress”一词的位置相当突出,而且在第十三章的标题中跟“epidemic”一词组合,这对全书的中心思想具有点题作用,它表明:许多维多利亚人狂热追求的“进步”竟然是一场瘟疫!Little Dorrit is not hampered by a loose and sloppy structure as previously criticized by some scholars. On the contrary, it is a fine work of art with a taut construction and closely-woven texture. The ″chaotic″ surface structure of the novel is brought into relief by its tightly knit deep structure. The most cohesive force in the book is the current of ″progress″ represented by Mr.Merdle. It is the mania for speculation in stock markets, generated by Mr. Merdle, that brings together the destinies of all the characters in the novel. The word ″progress″, foregrounded in the novel and juxtaposed with the word ″epidemic″ in the title of Chapter Thirteen, is a pun pinpointing the central theme that the ″progress″ feverishly pursued by many Victorians is little short of a plague. In other words, the meticulously wrought structure of the novel in itself is a statement-it speaks volumes for the theme of the novel which can be aptly described by a term borrowed from Northrop Frye, namely, ″the alienation of progress″. In addition to the image of Mr. Merdle serving as a structurally unifying force, various recurring patterns and images, often in contrast to each other, constitute some sort of narrative coherence which critiques the reckless pursuit of material progress threatening to put social values in tatters. One particularly striking contrast is that between the values held by Little Dorrit and those worshiped by most of the characters in the novel.It is Charles Dickens who first responded to and captured the confusions and bewilderments brought about by urbanization and industrialization. His methods, as Raymond Williams has pointed out, are derived from his experiences. The pace of urbanization in the age of Dickens was quickened to such an extent that people suddenly found themselves living in unfamiliar communities and that inter-personal relationships turned uncanny as well. Traditional forms of the novel were therefore inadequate for the treatment of such a new social reality-its
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