慢性中耳炎患者396耳发病年龄与听力丧失的相关性分析  

Relationship between onset age and hearing loss of 396 ears in patients with chronic otitis media

作　　者：乔秀艳[1] 姜学钧[1] 惠莲[1] 李敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属第一医院耳鼻喉科,辽宁省沈阳市110001

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第22期30-31,共2页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:回顾性分析慢性中耳炎患者396耳发病年龄与听力的关系。方法:对中国医科大学附属第一医院耳鼻喉科1993-01/1998-12收治的慢性中耳炎患者396耳进行了患者年龄与听力关系的回顾性调查和统计学分析。396耳中男212耳,女184耳。用美国OB822型电测听检测仪测定患者的骨气导阈值,记录出听力图。将患者按年龄分成6组,<19岁,20～29岁,30～39岁,40～49岁,50～59岁,>60岁。观察术前骨气导阈值,听骨链改变,手术前后纯音听力改变。资料用t检验或χ2检验进行统计学分析。结果:396耳均取得各项测试值,全部进入结果分析。①患者发病年龄6～71岁胆脂瘤型中耳炎占53.0%(210/396);非胆脂瘤型中耳炎占47.0%(186/396);全聋占4.8%(19/396),6～71,以>60岁以上组患者多见(3/13)。②术前骨导阈:术前平均骨导阈在各个年龄组之间有明显的差异,随着年龄的增加,骨导阈提高,各年龄组平均骨导阈值依次为(5.4±6.3,9.1±8.2,11.2±9.6,15.1±9.8,19.5±11.6,26.2±11.2)。骨导阈值超过30dB以上占6.1%(24/396)。胆脂瘤型术前骨导阈明显高于非胆脂瘤型(14.6±9.9,8.9±8.2,P<0.01),尤其在骨导阈超过30dB以上胆脂瘤型发病明显高于非胆脂瘤型(23/11.0,1/0.5,P<0.05)。③听骨链改变:术中发现听骨链破坏的患者年龄多在30岁以上,胆脂瘤型中耳炎的听骨链破坏占76%,而非胆脂瘤型中耳炎患者听骨链破坏只占23%,两者比较差异显著(P<0.05)。④各年龄组术后听力改变:<60岁各年龄组之间术后听力提高情况没有明显的差异,而>60岁者术后听力改善较差。胆脂瘤型中耳炎患者术后听力平均增高5.2dB;而非胆脂瘤型中耳炎术后听力平均提高为12.7dB。非胆脂瘤型中耳炎术后听力恢复效果明显(P<0.05)。结论:①年龄对骨导阈的水平有明显的影响,青少年患者很少出现感觉神经性聋。②随着年龄的增长,骨导阈明显升高,胆脂瘤型中耳炎患者的骨导阈升高常�AIM:To analyze the relationship of age with hearing loss of 396 ears in patients with chronic otitis media retrospectively. METHODS:The relationship between age and hearing was surveyed retrospectively and analyzed statistically in the patients with chronic otitis media(396 ears) who were hospitalized in the Department of Otolaryngology,First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University between January 1993 and December 1998.In the 396 ears,212 were from male and 184 from female.Bone conduction thresholds of the patients were detected by OB822 audiometer made in America to record their audiogram.The patients were divided into 6 groups according to their age,under 19 years,between 20 and 29 years,between 30 and 39 years,between 40 and 49 years,between 50 and 59 years and over 60 years.Observation measures were bone conduction thresholds,changes of ossicular chain,preoperative and postoperative changes of pure-tone hearing.The data were statistically analyzed by t test and χ2 test. RESULTS:All the 396 ears were detected in the observation measures and then involved in the result analysis.①Anacusis was detected in the patients from 6 to 71 years of age:cholesteatoma accounted for 53.0%(210/396) and non-cholesteatoma for 47.0%(186/396).Nineteen of the 396 patients were found to be anakusis(4.8%),among which 3 were in the patients over 60 years old(23.%,3/13).②The mean preoperative bone conduction thresholds were significantly different among the 6 age groups and elevated with age.They were 5.4±6.3,9.1±8.2,11.2±9.6,15.1±9.8,19.5 ±11.6,26.2±11.2 in the 6 age groups respectively.The bone conduction threshold more than 30 dB was found in 6.1%(24/396).The bone conduction threshold was significantly more in patients with cholesteatoma than in those without cholesteatoma(14.6±9.9,8.9±8.2,P< 0.01),especially more when it was over 30 dB in the former than in the latter(23/11.0,1/0.5,P< 0.05).③During operation,it was found that ossicular chain was mostly destroyed in the patients over 30 years old,and account

关 键 词：中耳炎 听力受损者 鼓室成型术 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]