颈神经在颈椎间孔及脊神经沟处受嵌压的解剖学因素(英文)  

Anatomical factors of wedge pressure on cervical nerves in cervical intervertebral foramen of cervical nerve and sulcus of spinal nerve

作　　者：李英平[1] 郭瑞芳[2] 

机构地区：[1]承德医学院解剖教研室,河北省承德市067000 [2]承德医学院附属医院老年病科,河北省承德市067000

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第22期258-259,共2页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：背景:神经根型颈椎病中神经根能否受累,不仅与所在骨管是否狭窄、周围软组织是否存在炎性病变和肿胀有关,还与神经根外径的相对大小有关。目的:通过颈神经在颈椎间孔及脊神经沟处受累的出现率,探讨神经根型颈椎病发生的解剖学因素。设计:单一样本观察。单位:承德医学院解剖研究室。对象:甲醛固定成尸60具(男28,女32)120侧。方法:在60具成尸上,用精确度0.02mm的游标卡尺和直角规测量:①脊神经沟外口宽度及其沟内段脊神经前支横径。②颈椎间孔及其脊神经根的前后径、上下径。计算颈神经前支横径与相应颈椎脊神经沟外口宽度的比值和脊神经根前后径、上下径与相应椎间孔前后径、上下径的比值。得出颈神经前支横径大于或等于脊神经沟外口宽度的出现率和脊神经根各径线大于或等于相应椎间孔各径线的出现率。主要观察指标:①C3～6颈神经前支横径大于或等于相应脊神经沟外口宽度的出现率。②C3～6颈神经根上下径、前后径分别大于或等于相应颈椎间孔上下径、前后径的出现率。结果:共测量成尸60具120侧(男56侧,女64侧)。①颈神经根在椎间孔处可造成嵌压男女合计总出现率为24.6%其中女性明显高于男性(35.2%,10.9%,χ2=6.72,P<0.01)。②颈神经前支在颈椎脊神经沟处可造成嵌压男女总出现率为6.3%,其中男性明显高于女性(8.9%,3.9%,χ2=6.65,P<0.01)。结论:颈神经受累不仅与骨管狭窄有关,而且与周围软组织损伤有关,通过神经根外径与椎间孔的比值和颈神经前支与脊神经沟外口宽度比值,选其≥1的出现率可直接获得神经受压的出现率。BACKGROUND:Whether nerve root is involved or not in cervical spondylosis of nerve root type is related not only to stenosis of bone canal and inflammatory disorder and swelling in peripheral soft tissues, but also to the relevant size of external diameter of nerve root. OBJECTIVE:To probe into the anatomical factors of cervical spondylosis of nerve root type with occurrence rate of involved cervical nerve in cervical intervertebral foramen and sulcus of spinal nerve. DESIGN:Single sample observation was designed. SETTING: Department of Anatomy of Chengde Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: Totally 120 sides of 60 adult corpses were employed with formaldehyde fixation (28 cases of male and 32 cases of female). METHODS:Sixty adult corpses were measured with the vernier of 0.02 mm accuracy and straightedge:①The external diameter (E-diameter)of sulcus of spinal nerve and the transverse diameter of anterior branch(A-diameter)of spinal nerve in its sulcus.②Anteroposterior diameter(A-P diameter) and superoinferior diameter (S-I diameter) of cervical intervertebral foramen and its spinal nerve root.The ratios were calculated between A-diameter cervical nerve and E-diameter of the corresponding sulcus of spinal nerve and between A-P diameter and S-I diameter of spinal nerve root and those of corresponding intervertebral foramen respectively.The rates of occurrence were concluded for those cervical nerves whose A-diameter larger than or equal to E-diameter of sulcus of spinal nerves and for those spinal nerve roots whose rations larger than or equal to those of corresponding intervertebral foramens. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Rate of occurrence of A-diameter of cervical nerve in C3-6 larger than or equal to E-diameter of sulcus of spinal nerve.②Rate of occurrence of A-P diameter and S-I diameter of spinal nerve roots in C3-6 larger than or equal to those of corresponding intervertebral foramens. RESULTS:Totally 120 sides of 60 corpses were measured (56 cases of male and 64 cases of female).①The total rate of occurrence wa

关 键 词：颈椎病 颈椎 颈神经 尸体解剖 

分 类 号：R641[医药卫生—外科学]