不同下垫面降雨产流与旱地小麦集水补灌的产量及水分利用效率研究  

Studies on Runoff of Different Rain Harvesting Surfaces as well as Yield and Water Use Efficiency under Catchmental Irrigation Wheat in Dryland

作　　者：崔欢虎[1] 靖华[1] 马爱平[1] 王裕智[1] 王随保[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院小麦研究所,山西临汾041000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2005年第3期170-173,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山西省科委科技攻关项目"旱地农业节水工程化技术研究"(971010)资助

摘　　要：在山西洪洞建立了农膜、公路、农田小路、农田下垫面产流场,对不同下垫面的自然降雨产流及旱地小麦集水补灌的产量和水分利用效率进行了研究。结果表明:在观测的27次降雨中,不同下垫面的产流量存在较大差异,农膜、公路、农田小路和农田下垫面的产流系数分别为81 4%,73 6%,41 6%,2 7%。旱地小麦集水补灌研究表明:旱地型品种应作为集水补灌旱地小麦的主干品种;补灌量愈大产量愈高,拔节期补灌优于扬花期;同一补灌量集中补灌优于分次补灌;不同播期密度在集水补灌条件下其产量和水分利用效率存在差异。该项研究为开展集水工程及集水补灌提供了理论和技术依据。Rain harvesting surfaces with plastic mulch, highway and country road surfaces and crop field were constructed to investigate water harvesting efficiency in Hongdong, Shanxi. The runoff of different rain harvesting surfaces as well as yield and water use efficiency under catchment irrigation wheat in dryland was discussed. The results showed that runoff from different surfaces were different, from 27 observed rainstorms. There were 81.4%, 73.6%, 41.6% and 2.7% of runoff coefficient from plastic mulched surface, highway, country road and cropped land respectively. The dryland type species should be used as the dominant the species of catchment irrigation wheat in dryland; The more irrigation quantity is big, the more yield is high,yield of irrigation jointing stage is the better than anthesis stage, Same irrigation quantity that concentration irrigate is better than it that cent the time irrigate;It is different that sowing time and density at yield and water use efficiency under catchmental irrigation wheat in dryland. The runoff has provided the theoretical and technique foundation for developing the catchment project and catchment irrigation.

关 键 词：集水工程 产流系数 集水补灌 水分利用效率 旱地小麦 

分 类 号：S275.2[农业科学—农业水土工程] S157.1[农业科学—农业工程]