液体地膜覆盖对棉田土壤微生物和酶活性的影响  

Effects of liquid film on the quantity of microorganisms and activity of enzymes in a cotton field

作　　者：杨青华[1] 韩锦峰[1] 贺德先[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《生态学报》2005年第6期1312-1317,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：河南省科技攻关资助项目(991030304)~~

摘　　要：通过液体地膜不同用量覆盖棉田对土壤微生物数量和酶活性的影响研究表明适量液体地膜(112.5～150kg/hm2)覆盖棉田显著增加土壤微生物细菌、放线菌和真菌数量,增强土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、转化酶、中性磷酸酶和多酚氧化酶活性,且这种效应受棉花生长发育进程的影响。表明液体地膜覆盖棉田有益于土壤物质的转化、累积,提高土壤的肥力,对土壤化学特性无不良影响。Liquid film is a newly-developed organic macromolecular compound. A thin, solidified crust forms after the diluted compound was sprayed on the soil surface. It was widely reported that after the soil is treated, soil temperature, moisture and porosity increases, and bulk density does not increase. As a result, soil physical, chemical and biological properties differ when compared to non-treated soil. Soil microorganisms and enzymes are main components of soil biochemical properties. They play an important role in nutrient conversion, decomposition of organic matter, degradation of pollutants, and soil remediation. The objectives of this study were: (1) to quantify the effect of liquid film on soil microorganisms and soil enzymes, and (2) to evaluate effects on soil environmental factors. The experiment was completed on a sandy loam at Henan Agriculture University Experimental Station, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. Content of soil organic matter, total N, available P, and available K was 12.1 g/kg, 0.96 g/kg, 24.2 mg/kg, and 115.3 mg/kg, respectively. The product was produced by Henan Agriculture University. The treatments included: T1-75.0 kg/hm2, T2-112.5 kg/hm2, T3-150.0 kg/hm2, T4-187.5 kg/hm2, and CK (open field with no liquid film used). The material was applied at a dilution rate of 1 kg product per 20 kg of water and was sprayed on the interrow soil surface. Approximately 60% of the experimental field was treated. A randomized block design was employed with three replications. Each plot was 4×6 m2. One hundred and fifty kg/hm2 of N, 112.5 kg/hm2 of P_2O_5, and 112.5 kg/hm2 of K_2O were mixed and used as pre-planting fertilizers. Additional 34.5 and 138 kg/hm2 of N was top-dressed at seedling stage and boll stage, respectively. Soil samples in a depth of 0～20 cm for each treatment were taken at pre-sowing, young seedling, early budding, early flowering, and boll opening stage, respectively. Samples were fully mixed, put into sterile bags and transported to the lab as quickly as possible. Part of soil sample w

关 键 词：液体地膜 覆盖 棉花生长期 土壤微生物 土壤酶 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]