非豆科作物和固氮微生物在协助菌影响下形成类根瘤  

INDUCTION OF PARA-NODULES ON NON-LEGUMINOUS CROPS BY NITROGEN-FIXING ORGANISMS WITH HELPER BACTERIUM

作　　者：曹燕珍[1] 李阜棣[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学微生物研究所

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》1994年第4期313-317,T001,共6页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：中华人民共和国国务院总理基金

摘　　要：用果胶细菌处理禾本科，十字花科和葫芦科植物幼苗根系，根毛随着果胶细菌处理的时间而逐渐损伤、消除。然后，分别接种田菁根瘤菌，花生根瘤菌，扁豆根瘤菌，自生固氮菌和固氮螺菌；幼苗移栽２０～２５ｄ左右，根系即被感染而结瘤。白菜结瘤率可达９５％，黄瓜结瘤率为５０％左右。根瘤的石蜡包埋切片在光学显微镜下，可以明显地见到从根瘤的外皮层细胞至靠近中柱细胞，均有细菌分布。菌株ＯＲＳ５７１和１４７－３在白菜上形成的根瘤用乙炔还原分析法测定，表现明显的固氮酶活性。Seedling roots of Graminae, cruciferae and cucurtibaceae families were pretreated by penctin-lytic bacteria, during which root hairs were first damaged and cleared away finally. Damaged roots were separately inoculated with culture suspensions of Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571, Bradyrhizobium sp.(peanut) 147-3, Rhizobium sp. NGR234, Azotobacter vinelandii and Azospirillum brasilense 251-5 strains. Among 8 plant species treated two were nodulated by any of the strains used, i.e. para nodules forme on pakchoi and cucumber. Wheat was only nodulated by strain 147-3.Nodulation frequency on pakchoi reached as high as 95% induced by strain 147-3. Cucumber followes, being 50%. Light microscopy of para-nodule sections showed clearly that nitrogen-fixing organisms were observed in nodule cells, and distributed from outercortex to inner cortex near stele. Using acetylene reduction assay, nodules on pakchoi formed by strain ORS571 showed apparent nitrogenase activity.

关 键 词：结瘤 非豆科作物 固氮微生物 根瘤 

分 类 号：S154.381[农业科学—土壤学]