地球、金星大气寿命的计算  

LIFE TIME OF ATMOSPHERES ON EARTH AND VENUS

作　　者：达道安[1] 杨亚天[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州物理研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [2]福建师范大学物理系,福建福州350007

出　　处：《真空与低温》2005年第2期70-77,共8页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金："真空低温技术与物理"国家实验室基金项目资助(批准号00JS65.1.1)

摘　　要：假定行星大气层中气体分子的逃逸过程是准静态过程,推导出了气体分子的逃逸方程,定义了行星大气分子的逃逸率及行星大气的半寿命,给出了数学表达式。根据数学表达式,假定不同的大气温度,计算了地球和金星大气层的半寿命。结果表明,地球和金星大气层的半寿命远超过宇宙年龄(约1010y),因而是非常稳定的。本理论可应用于其他行星和月球大气层半寿命的计算。It is assumed that the escaping process of atmosphere on planet is a quasi-static process. The escape equation of atmosphere is derived based on such assumption. Half life time due to escaping rate of atmosphere on planet are defined. The expressions are given. The half life times of atmosphere on Earth and Venus for different temperature distributions are calculated from the formula. It is shown the half life times of atmosphere for Earth and Venus are much greater than the universe age(～1010y),the atmospheres for both are very stable. The half life time of atmosphere for other planet and moons can also be calculated from the theory.

关 键 词：气体逃逸 准静态过程 界面 方程 寿命 

分 类 号：O552[理学—热学与物质分子运动论] O56[理学—物理]