Ni、Pt对柴油车排气颗粒物去除催化剂的修饰作用  

Ni,Pt function in catalyst for diesel particulate removal from exhaust gases

作　　者：梁红[1] 叶代启[2] 付名利[2] 薛淑敏[2] 林维明[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学生物与化学工程学院,广东广州510091 [2]华南理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510640

出　　处：《化工学报》2005年第6期1091-1096,共6页CIESC Journal

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2002A3040304);广州市教育局科技项目

摘　　要：以改性整体式堇青石蜂窝陶瓷为载体,用Ni和Pt修饰Cu-K-V/TiO2/γ-Al2O3/cordierite催化剂,制备了用于消除柴油车排气颗粒物的催化剂;采用DSC/TG方法确定催化剂的活性及BET、TG-IR等方法对催化剂进行了表征,探讨了Ni和Pt对Cu-K-V/TiO2/γAl2O3/cordierite催化剂的修饰作用及老化对催化剂的影响.研究发现经Ni和Pt修饰后的催化剂能有效降低柴油车排气颗粒物的最大燃烧速率时的温度,特别是对颗粒物中最难燃烧的石墨化部分的去除;而且Ni和Pt的添加能提高颗粒物的去除效率.对含Pt催化剂,老化会降低催化剂的活性;而对含Ni的催化剂,老化使催化剂的活性增加,这可能是Ni向催化剂非孔道的外表面迁移的结果.The catalytic oxidation traps of particulate matter(PM) from diesel exhaust gases seem to be one of the best ways because of their simplicity, easy handing, high abatement efficiency and comparatively low cost.The development of catalysts for catalytic oxidation traps is presented. By using monolithic cordierite honeycomb as support which was modified by TiO_ 2,γ-Al_2O_3,Cu-K-V,catalyst was prepared by the impregnation method and modified by Ni and Pt. The catalyst was aged in a muffle oven in air for 3 h at 700℃ and characterized by BET, TG-IR and activity tested through DSC/TG experiments.The particulate matter combustion temperature at the highest oxidation reaction rate could be lowered remarkably,especially for removing graphitic solid fraction(GSF) in particulate matter.The catalytic performance was improved by adding Ni and Pt. For the aged catalysts modified by Pt, their activity decreased, in contrast, for the ones modified by Ni, their activity increased. The reason could be the migration of Ni from inner layer to catalyst surface during the aging process.

关 键 词：催化剂 柴油车 颗粒物 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]