水库地震,诱发还是触发?  

Reservoir earthquake, induced or triggered?

作　　者：周昕[1,2] 傅建武 杨福平 张帆 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学地球与空间科学学院 [2]浙江省地震局,浙江杭州310013 [3]浙江省地震局

出　　处：《华南地震》2005年第2期13-21,共9页South China Journal of Seismology

摘　　要：随着众多大型水利枢纽的建设施工,在水利界逐步出现了“水库触发地震”之说。“水库诱发地震”和“水库触发地震”,虽只是一字之差,但涉及到水库地震的成因机制、水库地震预测等根本问题。统计了中外水库地震(MS≥4.5)震例的3种地震响应时间ΔT1(水库蓄水至初震时间)、ΔT2(水库蓄水至主震时间)和ΔT3(初震至主震时间)的概率分布;并介绍了近几年现代大地测量学在监测水库蓄水环境变化和数字地震观测在揭示水库地震震源力学状态所取得的新进展。综合研究后认为水库蓄水局部改变了自然环境和地震孕育环境;在自然环境、地震孕育环境和地震之间可能存在着一种相互作用的动力学反馈机制,导致大约数年后具有更高震级的主震发生。因此,“水库诱发地震”是正确的,并非仅存在“触发地震”。As many huge reservoirs being constructed, a point of view is gradually spreading in the water conservancy world that the reservoir earthquake is triggered. Although there is only a word,§s distinction between reservoir induced earthquake and reservoir triggered earthquake, it concerns to the basic problem such as the formation mechanism and the prediction of reservoir earthquake. In this paper, we collected in numbers the probability distribution of three kinds of earthquake response time spans:|¤T1 (the time from water-impoundment to the first earthquake), |¤T2 (the time from water-impoundment to the main earthquake) and |¤T3 (the time from first earthquake to the main earthquake) of the reservoir earthquakes(MS?Y4.5) all around the world and also introduced the recent progress of geodesy in monitoring environmental variation caused by water-impoundment and of digital seismic observation in revealing mechanical behavior of seismic origin. Through the comprehensive research we believe that it partlly changes the natural environment and seismogenic environment during water-impoundment. There may be an interaction dynamics feedback mechanism between natural environment, seismogenic environment and earthquake, so that to cause the stronger main earthquake to occur in a few years later. Therefore, it is right to say there is the induced earthquake besides the triggered earthquake.

关 键 词：诱发地震 水库蓄水 触发地震 自然环境 孕震环境 地震响应时间 

分 类 号：P315.728[天文地球—地震学]