关于近代中国“女国民”观念的历史考察  

A Historical Research on Female Citlzens in Modern China

作　　者：郑永福[1] 吕美颐[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学历史学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《山西师大学报（社会科学版）》2005年第4期58-63,共6页Journal of Shanxi Normal University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：中国的“女国民”观念提出于20世纪初,是在国民概念的基础上“国民之母”的延伸,反映了人们国家意识和人权与女权意识的觉醒。民国成立后,人们的“国民”意识进一步加强。五四时期,全民性的思想启蒙促使越来越多的人认识到,女子作为“国民”,也是具有个体尊严与独立人格的“人”。20世纪二三十年代,女国民与新女性的形象出现了整合趋势,“新女性”成为流行更为广泛的语汇。由于在民族斗争与政治斗争的旋涡中,中华民国始终未能成为民主与法制的现代国家,因此民众的国民意识与国民观念,尤其是女国民观念也未能得到充分发展。The idea of female citizen at China was advanced in the beginning of the twentieth century on the basis of the concept of citizen. It's the extension of the concept 'Mother of citizen', reflecting the wakening of people's consciousness to nation, human rights, and women's rights. The founding of Republic of China led to the heightening of people's awareness of citizen further. The Enlightenment of all people in the July 4th movement made more and more people realize that women as 'citizens' in people's mind ought to be individualistic persons with their own dignity and independent personalities. In the 1920's and 1930's, there was a trend of confirming the image of Female Citizen or New Women that was widely used by the people. The republic of China failed to found the democratic country because of national chaos interspersing with political struggle so that the awareness of citizen, the idea of female citizen failed to be fully develoed in the end.

关 键 词：中国近代 女国民 新女性 观念演变 

分 类 号：C913.68[经济管理]