三角鳞毛蕨配子体发育的研究  

Observation on the Gametophyte Development of Dryopteris subtriangularis

作　　者：张开梅[1] 石雷[1] 张宪春[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所

出　　处：《武汉植物学研究》2005年第3期276-279,共4页Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科技资源平台项目(2004DKA30430)资助;国家自然科学基金(30200019)资助;中国科学院农办项目(NK-十五-C-13)资助。

摘　　要：采用混合土培养三角鳞毛蕨(Dryopterissubtriangularis)孢子,显微镜下观察记录其孢子萌发及配子体发育过程。结果表明:孢子深褐色,赤道面豆形,极面观椭圆形,单裂缝。播种1周左右孢子萌发,萌发类型为书带蕨型,配子体发育为三叉蕨型。播种2周左右发育为片状体。播种4周左右发育形成幼原叶体,成熟原叶体呈心脏形。原叶体边缘及腹面均可产生毛状体,数量丰富,为单细胞。播种6周左右开始有性器官出现,精子器近圆球形,由3细胞组成,成熟颈卵器颈部由4列细胞组成,3～5层细胞高。原叶体受精后1个月内即可观察到从原叶体上生成的幼胚。The spores of the Dryopteris subtriangularis were cultured in the mixed soil. The spore germination and the gametophytic development were observed by microscope. The result exhibits that the spores are dark-brown, monolete, and bean-shaped in equatorial view and elliptical in polar view. The spores germinate about one week after sowed, the germination is of the Vittaria-type while the gametophyte development is the Aspidium-type. The prothallial plates form about two weeks after sowed. The young prothalli develop in four weeks after sowed and the mature prothalli are cordate. Profuse unicellular hairs occur in the undersurface and on the margin of the prothalli. The sex organs form in six weeks after sowed. The antheridia are like pellets and formed by three cells. The archegonial neck is usually formed by four rows of cells and three to five cells high at maturity. Young embryos can be observed growing from the prothalli in one month after sowed.

关 键 词：三角鳞毛蕨 孢子萌发 配子体发育 

分 类 号：Q945.51[生物学—植物学]