乙醇水蒸气重整制氢的镍基催化剂性能  

Performance of the Ni catalyst in the steam reforming of ethanol

作　　者：吴锋[1] 刘媛[1] 孙杰[1] 陈实[1] 王国庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学化工与环境学院环境工程教研室,北京100081

出　　处：《电源技术》2005年第7期434-437,共4页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

摘　　要：燃料电池直接将储存在燃料和氧化剂中的化学能高效地转变成电能。高纯、无毒的氢是燃料电池的理想燃料。目前,液体燃料重整是一种较好的制氢方式,乙醇作为重整制氢的液体燃料有可再生,无毒,不含易使燃料电池铂电极中毒的硫等优点,是非常适合的环保型重整制氢燃料。采用浸渍法制备了添加助剂的镍基乙醇水蒸气重整制氢催化剂,考察稀土金属氧化物助剂CeO2和Y2O3对Ni/g-Al2O3上乙醇水蒸气重整制氢反应活性的影响。结果表明:助剂有利于改善催化剂的物相组成,使其在较低的温度下具有较高的氢气产率和较低的甲烷选择性。其中,CeO2的助剂作用较优,催化剂16%Ni/CeO2/g-Al2O3在600℃的氢气产率可达4.7,生成CO2、CO和CH4的选择性分别为63.5%、23.4%和12.4%。Fuel cells directly and efficiently change the chemical energy in the fuels and oxidant into electricity energy. Pure and innocuous hydrogen is an ide al fuel for fuel cells. Now liquid fuel reforming is a better way to produce hyd rogen. As the liquid fuel for reforming, ethanol has so many strongpoints such a s recycle, innocuity, having no sulfur which poisons Pt electrode of fuel cells, and so on. So it is a kind of environment friendly fuel for reforming. The reac tion activity for steam reforming of ethanol on Ni /g -Al2O3 catalyst with CeO2 and Y2O3 as promoters were investigated. It was found that the promoter can impr ove the phase composition of catalyst and the catalysts with a promoter exhibit higher H2 yield and lower CH4 selectivity. The catalyst promoted by CeO2 has bet ter activity, at 600 ℃, the H2 yield on the 16% Ni / CeO2 /g -Al2O3 can reach 4 .7, the selectivity of CO2,CO and CH4 is 70.7%,21% and 7% respectively.

关 键 词：燃料电池 乙醇水蒸气重整 制氢 镍催化剂 助剂 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]