从酯酶同工酶看亚洲稻的地理起源及亚种演化  

GEOGRAPHICAL ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF ASIAN CULTIVATED RICE(ORYZA SATIVA L.) AS SEEN FROM ESTERASE ZYMOGRAMS

作　　者：张尧忠[1] 程侃声[1] 贺庆瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农科院遗传室,粮作所,昆明650205

出　　处：《西南农业学报》1989年第4期1-6,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：本文根据酯酶酶谱变异估计值的分析,认为籼粳的起源与分化中心主要为印度,粳稻的起源与分化中心主要为云南及东南亚。酶谱显示籼粳稻均起源于共同的祖先,但起源地是分散的。就32个籼粳属性带酶谱分析,纯籼带及纯粳带的酶谱只占28.1％,但所包括的品种数却占参试品种的43.6％,其余23个酶谱则籼粳属性带以不同比例同时出现,其中有4个酶谱既有籼品种也有粳品种,籼粳约各占一半,证明籼粳的演化是连续性的。演化的环境因素可能是水分与温度,文中就光壳稻和Rayada的酶谱构成型和Aus典型在前文聚类中的地位进行了初步讨论。Examination of the esterase zymogram variability of Asian rice led the authors to assume that Indica is the main center of origin and diversity of hsien (indica) rice and Yunnan and Southeast Asiais is the principal home-land of keng(japonica)rice.The two subspecies appear to be both derived from the wild ancestor Oryza perennis Moench with diffused origin. Zymograms of the discriminating bands showed clearly that in the differentiation of the two subspecies variations were continuous as was also demonstrated by morphological traits. Among the 32 discriminating zymograms, only 28.1% had hsien-or ken-bands alone, though they represented 43.6% of the varieties tested! the other 23 zymograms possessed both hsien and keng discriminating bands and under four of them cultivars of the two types occuned half. The environmental factors contributed to the differentiation of wild rice into two subspecies are thought to be the water and temperature. Regimes and the role of Rayada, glabrous and Aus types were briefly discussed.

关 键 词：稻 亚洲稻 起源 演化 酯酶同工酶 

分 类 号：S511.021[农业科学—作物学]