无毛同类系小鼠皮肤形态及扫描电镜观察  

The Gross Morphology and Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of the Skin Surface in Congenic Strains of Hairless Mice

作　　者：章金涛[1] 方盛国[1] 王纯耀[2] 杜春燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生命科学学院,浙江杭州310029 [2]郑州大学实验动物中心,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2005年第4期406-408,共3页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家林业局专项基金资助项目;河南省自然科学基金资助项目(2004020900);国家自然科学基金资助项目(39970119)

摘　　要：对3种无毛同类系小鼠的皮肤形态及超微结构进行了观察.结果发现,3种无毛同类系小鼠约在12日龄开始从眶周脱毛,3～4周龄后除触须外全部脱净,并终生保持无毛状态;1月龄时,无毛小鼠内脏可视,随年龄的增长,皮肤逐渐变松、变厚,并形成特别的皱纹和褶痕,似犀牛状,指甲过度生长,呈螺旋状弯曲;BALB/c无毛小鼠无色素沉着,表型类似于豫医无毛小鼠,DBA/2、C57BL/6无毛同类系小鼠皮肤有黑色素沉着,嘴角、眶周、耳和尾部颜色较重.随年龄增长,皮肤及尾部表面出现一些类似人粉刺样的丘疹,数量逐渐增多,触须也随着年龄增长变得异常而稀疏.电镜扫描观察,脱毛前毛囊上部的毛管先变大,然后再脱毛.无毛同类系小鼠表面有较厚的一层鳞片状角化物,毛囊腔宽大,部分毛囊内含有一些能脱落到表面的角化样碎片.35日龄无毛同类系小鼠可见明显的包囊结构,4月龄包囊增多、变大.The skin surface of three congenic stranins of hairless mice was observed by gross morphology and SEM.It is shown that congenic stranins of hairless mice grow a first coat of hair and appear normal until about 12 days after birth when loss of hair begins around the eyes,loss of hair progress in a caudal direction.Except for vibrissae,the hairless mice of congenic strains develop alopecia around the age of 3-4 weeks,grow no new hair.The viscera are visible under the skin surface at one month of age.With increased age,their skin become progressively thicken,loose and redundant,the skin of aged mouse forms rhinoceros-like folds and flaps,furthermore,the claws are noticeably elongated and tortuous,the vibrissae are repeatedly shed and become more abnormal and sparse with age.BALB/c hairless mouse hasn′t pigment deposition in skin,similar to Yuyi hairless mice.But DBA/2 and C57BL/6 hairless mice have pigment deposition in skin,and have darker pigment around orbit,snout,ear and tail.The naked skin occurs numerous small white subcutaneous nodules of different size visible under the skin that gradually increased in size with age.With electron microscope scanning,it could be found that the hair canals of upper follicle widen before shedding hair,then lose hair.There is thicker keratinized squama material on skin surface of hairless mouse,hair follicles distend to be lenient cavity,and some follicles contain keratin fragments which slough onto the skin surface.The cysts could be seen at 35 days,and increased in size and quantity with age.Subcutaneous tissue regressed,and magnus cysts appeared apparently at 4 months of age.

关 键 词：无毛小鼠 同类系 皮肤 形态 超微结构 

分 类 号：Q954.5[生物学—动物学] S852.16[农业科学—基础兽医学]