气候变化对巴音布鲁克高寒湿地地表水的影响  

Impact of Climate Change on the Surface Water in Bayanbuluk Alpine-Cold Wetland in the Tianshan Mountainous

作　　者：杨青[1] 崔彩霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2005年第3期397-403,共7页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：中国气象局科学技术研究项目"沙漠气象及其生态环境的动态评估系统";科技部社会公益研究专项资金项目"我国牧区暴风雪灾害监测预警系统研究"资助

摘　　要：通过对巴音布鲁克高寒湿地各特征气候要素的变化分析,研究了近50a来巴音布鲁克高寒湿地地表水环境和气候变化的变化趋势和年际分布特征.结果表明:巴音布鲁克湿地不论冬季还是年平均气温都没有明显的升高趋势,极端最高、最低气温也没有明显变化,但夏季增温幅度高于新疆平均水平;夏季降水量占了全年降水量的68.4%,是巴音布鲁克湿地水体的主要来源.20世纪80年代中期是降水量最少的时期,此后开始逐步增加;开都河的径流量自1987年后呈现逐步增加趋势,并与巴音布鲁克年降水量和年均气温存在良好的响应关系.气候变化对湿地水环境的影响直接关系到湿地的生态系统.To reveal the changing trend and annual distribution traits of the surface water and climate elements in the Bayanbuluk alpine-cold wetland in the last 50 a, temperature, precipitation, different rank precipitation days, evaporation, water vapor pressure, relative humidity, dust storm days, snow depth etc. were used to analyze their change trends. No distinct warming trend of annual mean temperature and no obvious changing of the annual maximum or minimum temperatures can be seen, no matter in winter or as a whole. However, there is an increase in mean temperature in summer, which is higher in the Bayanbuluk alpine-cold wetland than in other areas of the Xinjiang Region. Precipitation in summer is the main water source in this wetland and accounts for 68 ^4% of the total. Precipitation in the mid-1980s dropped to the lowest during the last 50 a, and then increased gradually. Also the runoff of Kaidu River has increased since 1987, with a nice linear response relationship with the precipitation and annual temperature in the Bayanbuluk alpine-cold wetland. The impact of climate change on surface water environment associates directly with the ecosystems in this area.

关 键 词：气候变化 湿地 地表水 巴音布鲁克 

分 类 号：P339[天文地球—水文科学]