贵州省少数民族地区儿童计划免疫IEC策略制定的需求调查  

Need survey for development of IEC strategies on childhood immunization in minority areas of Guizhou Province

作　　者：王燕[1] 张敬旭[1] 康楚云[1] 钮文异[1] 王晓莉[1] 周虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2005年第7期487-490,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：世界卫生组织项目资助 ;WP/ 0 3 / 12 5 0 72

摘　　要：目的　了解贵州省少数民族地区群众对计划免疫的认知水平及计划免疫宣传教育的现状,为信息、教育与传播(informationeducationandcommunication ,IEC)策略的制定及传播材料的设计提供依据。方法选取黔东南地区剑河和榕江县共8个村子作为调查地点;采用自行设计的计划免疫知、信、行问卷调查了189名7岁(含)以下儿童母亲,组织儿童主要看护人的小组讨论,对村长/支书及乡村医生进行个人深入访谈。结果　被调查地区群众对儿童预防接种基本持有正确的态度,但缺乏预防接种的基本知识,他们现有的浅显的预防接种信息大多来自医生和村干部;被调查地区计划免疫宣传教育很缺乏,但村民对计划免疫知识是渴求的,他们对医生或村干部的话充满信任,对宣传画、民歌/快板书等宣传形式十分喜爱,且有一部分人有一定的文化,可阅读简单宣传语;电视和VCD机的家庭拥有比例分别为72 5 %、34 4 %。结论　本次需求调查为制定贵州省少数民族地区儿童计划免疫IEC策略提供了依据。Objective To choose proper IEC strategies and materials for minority in Guizhou province, we need to understand KAP on childhood immunization of local people, their ability to accept information, the education & communication ways which they would like to and be acceptable of. Methods A total of 8 villages, 4 from each county, in Jianhe and Rongjiang County in the southeast (Qian Dong Nan) region of Guizhou province were selected to conduct need assessment. One hundred and eighty nine mothers were surveyed with structured questionnaires. FGDs and in-depth interviews were conducted among caretakers of children, village heads and doctors. Results IEC activities on immunization were still a blank in research areas. However the attitude of local people toward childhood immunization was welcoming. They liked to receive basic knowledge of immunization what they were lack of. About 67.0%-93.5% mothers in the two counties expressed their trust in words of doctors and village heads. Some mothers preferred to poster, folk song and patter forms. Some, with a degree of education, had ability to understand slogans. 72.5% and 34.4% families had TV sets and VCD players, respectively. Conclusion The need survey had provided basis for IEC strategies on childhood immunization in Guizhou minority areas.

关 键 词：计划免疫 IEC策略 母亲 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]