近岸多波束测量中的GPS-RTK差分技术及其受影响的因素  

GPS-RTK difference technology applied in the multibeam echosounding survey

作　　者：应元康[1] 杨一挺[2] 张忠华[1] 赵忠宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所 [2]浙江省第一测绘院

出　　处：《海洋学研究》2005年第2期64-71,共8页Journal of Marine Sciences

摘　　要：分析了近岸多波束测量中应用GPS-RTK差分技术对船只导航与定位,对在受波浪影响的多波束测量中,船只所受潮汐、换能器吃水的动态变化量等诸影响因素的改正以及船只的运动姿态纠正等问题进行了讨论。使用GPS-RTK系统可以有效地解决潮汐(水位)、波浪影响和换能器吃水的动态变化量对多波束测量精度综合影响的问题,如果使用"一加三"的GPS-RTK接收机,还可以实现船只姿态的高精度综合修正。同时,对4个影响GPS-RTK差分技术系统能力的主要因素应引起重视,采取措施加以解决,使近岸的多波束测量工作更加富有成效。This article briefly analyzes how to navigate and locate the boat using the GPS-RTK difference technology in the coastal survey with the multibeam echosounding. According to the changes in time and location, the measured data of the water depth effected by tide can be corrected. In the multibeam echosounding surveys effected by sea waves, the boat may be effected by many factors, resulting in some problems such as the effect of the sea gauge change of the transducer on the sounding precision and correction for the moving gesture of the boat. Used the GPS-RTK difference technology, the coastal survey with the multibeam echosounding system can reach the purposes for high precision location, sounding without checking tide and real time dynamic correction of the sea gauge. If the receiver of the GPS-RTK is used with one Basic-station and three Mobile-station, the comprehensive correction of high precision can be done. At the same time, these four factors effecting on the difference technology system of the GPS-RTK should be paid more attention to and solved by taking measures related, so that the coastal survey with the multibeam sounding will become much more effective.

关 键 词：GPS—RTK 高精度定位 导航与定位 换能器动态吃水变化 船运动姿态纠正 潮汐与波浪改正 多波束测量 

分 类 号：P228.4[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程] U675.7[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]