江湖洪水不同遭遇对城陵矶水位影响的实验研究  

INFLUENCE OF COMBINATION OF THE DONGTING LAKE′S OUTFLOW AND THE YANGTZE RIVER STREAMFLOW ON CHENGLINGJI WATER STAGE

作　　者：陈立[1] 邓晓丽[1] 张俊勇[1] 刘林[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,水沙科学教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2005年第4期496-500,共5页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：973项目(2003CB415205);国家自然科学基金项目(50479036);湖北省创新群体基金项目(2003ABA195);博士点基金项目(20020486017)资助.

摘　　要：城陵矶位于长江干流和洞庭湖出流汇合处,因此影响城陵矶洪水位的因素除了河床淤积、洪水特性等以外,洞庭湖出流与长江干流的不同遭遇也起着非常重要的作用。采用模型实验的方法,研究了不同遭遇、不同流量、不同螺山水位下城陵矶河段水位的变化。结果表明:在城陵矶断面,当监利来水流量超过洞庭湖出流时,主流靠左岸;当监利来水流量少于洞庭湖出流时,主流靠右岸。洞庭湖出流与长江干流来水流量的不同遭遇对城陵矶断面水位的影响非常显著。当监利来水流量占螺山流量的百分比为55%左右时,城陵矶断面水位最高,即此时长江干流来水流量和洞庭湖出流相互之间顶托消耗能量达到最大值。在中水流量下,当监利来水流量占螺山流量的百分比为55%左右时,城陵矶断面左右岸水位差达到最小值。Chenglingji is located in the confluence of Yangtze River′s main stream and Dongting Lake′s out- flow. In addition to the deposition of bed level and flood characteristics, the flood combination of Dongting Lake′s outflow and Yangtze River′s main stream is also a very important factor which affects the flood lev- el. We studied the change of Chenglingji cross-section water level under different conditions including dif- ferent flood composition, different discharge and different water levels of Luoshan by model experiment. The result shows: in Chenglingji cross-section, when inflow of Jianli exceeds outflow of Dongting Lake, threads of steam are close to left side bank; when inflow of Jianli is below outflow of Dongting Lake, threads of steam close to right side bank. The flood combination of Dongting Lake′s outflow and Yangtze River main stream′s inflow affect heavily the water level of Chenglingji cross-section. When inflow of Jianli takes about 55 percent of Luoshan′s discharge, water level of Chenglingji cross-section is highest at that time, that is, the amplitude of setup of Yangtze River main stream′s inflow and Dongting Lake′s outflow consumes energy at maximum value. In middle water discharge, when inflow of Jianli takes about 55 per- cent of Luoshan′s discharge, water level differences of both banks reaches minimum in Chenglingji cross- section.

关 键 词：城陵矶 实验研究 水位影响 长江干流 江湖 水流量 洞庭湖 河床淤积 洪水特性 模型实验 百分比 断面 洪水位 最大值 耗能量 最小值 水位差 河段 顶托 

分 类 号：TV698.1[水利工程—水利水电工程] P333[天文地球—水文科学]