中国2003年流行的麻疹野病毒分子流行病学分析  

Molecular Epidemiology Analysis of Wild-type Measles Viruses Circulated in China in 2003

作　　者：张燕[1] 许文波[1] 朱贞[1] 蒋小泓[1] 胡家瑜[2] 王建国[2] 张金芳[2] 何吉兰[3] 孙莉[3] 林春燕[4] 凌华[5] 李聪勇[6] 刘杨[7] 马艳[8] 张晋琳[9] 王常银[10] 杨学磊 章传真[12] 李平[13] 杜雯[14] 郑蕾[15] 梁勇[16] 姬奕昕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,北京100050 [2]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336 [3]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610031 [4]海南省疾病预防控制中心,海口570203 [5]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400042 [6]河南省疾病预防控制中心,郑州450003 [7]天津市疾病预防控制中心,天津300011 [8]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心,沈阳110005 [9]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,南京210009 [10]山东省疾病预防控制中心,济南250014 [11]新疆维吾尔自治区儿童医院,乌鲁木齐830000 [12]赣州市疾病预防控制中心,江西赣州334100 [13]陕西省疾病预防控制中心,西安710054 [14]贵州省疾病预防控制中心,贵阳550004 [15]山西省疾病预防控制中心,太原030012 [16]河北省疾病预防控制中心,石家庄050021

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2005年第3期165-174,共10页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：目的为了解不同省(自治区、直辖市,下同)2003年流行的麻疹野病毒是否存在基因型或亚型的差异.方法对2003年15个省分离的107株麻疹病毒进行了分子流行病学研究,对同一年份不同省流行的麻疹野病毒的基因特征及分子差异做了进一步的分析.用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)从107株麻疹病毒中扩增出核蛋白(nucleoprotein,N)基因羧基(COOH)末端450个核苷酸片段.通过对扩增产物进行核苷酸序列测定和分析,构建基因亲缘性关系树,进行遗传距离分析.结果106株为麻疹病毒H1基因型;1株属于A基因型,为沪191(S191)疫苗株.106株H1基因型毒株分成2个亚型,101株为H1a,5株为H1b基因亚型.2003年H1b亚型主要流行于海南、四川、上海、贵州省;而H1a在全国广泛分布;未发现H1c基因亚型,该亚型1993～1994年曾是北京、山东、河北、湖南省流行的优势毒株.对比2003年与1993～2002年流行的麻疹病毒基因亚型,H1a呈上升趋势,H1b亚型在所有H1基因型中的比例由1995～2002年的24.3%下降到2003年的4.7%,而H1c亚型逐渐消失.对2003年分离的病毒进行省内和不同省间遗传距离的比较证明,各省内的毒株变异范围在0%～6.1%(0～27个核苷酸差异);各省间的变异范围在0%～4.3%(0～20个核苷酸差异);省内差异最大值大于省间差异.结论中国最近11年来流行的麻疹病毒基因亚型趋势为:H1a呈上升趋势,逐渐成为优势亚型;H1b亚型逐年降低转为弱势;H1c亚型逐渐消失.2003年麻疹变异毒株呈散在分布,无明显地域性.同时表明,中国的麻疹流行是由H1a和H1b中的许多不同病毒株造成的多个传播链引起的.讨论了在中国继续开展麻疹病毒分子流行病学监测的必要性和紧迫性,并展望了分子流行病学监测对于中国控制和消除麻疹的应用前景.Objective To study the genetic characterization of 107 measles viruses isolated from throat swabs or urine specimens of measles patients in 15 provinces of the People’s Republic of China in 2003. Methods Viral RNA prepared from measles viruses isolates was used as a template for RT-PCR.The C-terminal region of the N-gene was amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis and the diversity analysis were done with MEGA version 2.1. Results The analysis of 450[CM)]nucleotides sequence of COOH terminal of nucleoprotein(N) genes of 107 isolates indicated that all the isolates belonged to H_1 genotype, except 1 isolate from Xinjiang Province,Xinjiang 03-1,was A genotype. Xinjiang 03-1 was most closely to China vaccine strain S191,which belonged to A genotype along with Edmonston strain. The phylogenetic analysis of the 107 China isolates compared with WHO reference strains also showed that H_1 genotype was still the predominant virus in China in 2003, comparing with the measles virus circulated in 1995～2002.106 H_1 genotype isolates were further divided into 2 subgenotype,H_1a and H_1b.101 isolates were belonged to H_1a which distributed countrywide without distinct geographical regions; 5 isolates were H_1b which mainly distributed in Hainan,Sichuan,Shanghai, and Guizhou provinces in South China. No H_1c isolate was found in 2003, but H_1c had been predominantly circulating in Shandong, Beijing, Hebei, and Hunan provinces in China between 1993 and 1994.The analysis of the dynamic epidemic trend of measles virus circulated in China from 1993 to 2003 indicated that H_1a was the mainly predominant subgenotype following with the H_1b subgenotype descending from 1995 to 2003,the rate of the H_1b subgenotype in all of the H_1 genotype isolates was 24.3% and 4.7% in 1995～2002 and 2003, respectively;the H_1c subgenotype nearly disappeared after the year of 2000.The average genetic p-distances of isolates within and between the provinces showed that the range is 0%-6.1% (0-27 nucleotide variation) and 0.1%-4.3% (0-20 nuc

关 键 词：麻疹病毒 H1基因型 序列测定和分析 

分 类 号：R373.11[医药卫生—病原生物学]