烤烟对饼肥和秸秆肥中^(15)N的吸收与利用  

Flue-cured Tobacco Fertilization: Absorption and Utilization of ^(15)N in Cake and Straw Manures

作　　者：封幸兵[1] 李佛琳[1] 瞿兴[2] 杨跃[2] 何首林[3] 苏帆 付丽波 陈华 洪丽芳 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学烟草学院,昆明市北郊黑龙潭650201 [2]云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司,云南省玉溪市红塔区凤凰路653100 [3]西南农业大学核物理研究所,重庆市北碚区天生桥400000 [4]云南农业科学院农业环境研究所,昆明市龙头街650205

出　　处：《烟草科技》2005年第7期31-34,共4页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：云南省烟草公司科技项目(YNYC02-08)。

摘　　要：应用15N同位素示踪技术,研究了饼肥和秸秆肥与无机肥配比及不同施肥方法条件下,烤烟对饼肥和秸秆肥中氮素的吸收与利用规律。结果表明:①烤烟对饼肥和秸秆肥中15N素的吸收基本符合“S”型曲线,以25%饼肥+75%硝酸铵和25%秸秆肥+75%硝酸铵全部作基肥的处理,烟株对肥料中氮素的吸收利用率较高,分别达到94.31%和59.58%;②烤烟根系从饼肥和秸秆肥中吸收的氮素首先供应营养器官中生长最旺盛的部位———顶,然后是上部叶和下部叶,茎中的氮素供应较少,根中最少;③烟株从饼肥和秸秆肥中吸收的氮素在烟株各器官中的分布为:顶>上部叶>中部叶>下部叶>茎>根,且以25%饼肥+75%硝酸铵和25%秸秆肥+75%硝酸铵全部作基肥处理的烟叶氮含量较适宜。Blending with mineral fertilizers and under different fertilization conditions, the absorption and utilization of nitrogen in cake and straw manures were studied with15N isotopic tracing technology. The results showed that: 1) the nitrogen absorbed by flue-cured tobacco from cake and straw manures was basically in accord with an“S”curve, and the utilization rates of nitrogen were higher in the treatments of 25% cake manure+75% NH4NO3and 25% straw manure+75% NH4NO3(all of them used as base fertilizers), which were 94.31% and 59.58%, respective- ly; 2) the nitrogen absorbed by flue-cured tobacco roots was provided for the most vigorous organs, the tips, firstly, then for upper and lower leaves, less for stalks and the least for roots; 3) the organs in order of nitrogen distribution were tips>upper leaves>middle leaves>lower leaves>stalk>root, and the nitrogen content in leaves was desir- able in the treatments mentioned above.

关 键 词：^15-饼肥 ^15-秸秆肥 氮素 吸收 

分 类 号：S572.062[农业科学—烟草工业]