实验性雏鸭铜中毒症的病理学研究  

Pathology of Experimental Copper Toxicity in Ducklings

作　　者：崔恒敏[1] 陈怀涛[2] 邓俊良[1] 彭西[1] 黎得兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物科学技术学院,雅安625014 [2]甘肃农业大学动物医学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2005年第7期715-721,共7页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30471304);四川省教育厅重点项目(川教计[1998]143号)

摘　　要：选用1日龄天府肉鸭健雏210只,随机分为3组,分别喂以对照日粮(Cu12.16mg/kg)、中毒I日粮(Cu850mg/kg)和中毒II日粮(Cu1050mg/kg)7周,进行了铜中毒对雏鸭器官组织和血清酶活性影响的病理学研究。2个中毒组的病变与程度基本一致,表现为肌胃角质层增厚、龟裂;肠道充满红褐色、黑褐色或淡绿色内容物,肠黏膜肿胀潮红,黏膜上皮变性坏死,肠绒毛裸露断裂和坏死;肝细胞、肾小管上皮细胞、心肌细胞颗粒变性和空泡变性;免疫器官体积缩小、质量减轻,淋巴细胞变性、坏死及数量减少。超微结构观察,肝细胞线粒体肿胀,嵴断裂甚至溶解消失呈空泡状,胞核变形,胞浆和胞核内可见数量不等、大小不一的电子密度极高的沉积物。同时,血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性显著升高(P<0.01),铜蓝蛋白活性下降。结果表明,铜中毒损害的靶器官是肝脏、肾脏、心脏、胃肠道和免疫器官。组织器官受损和功能障碍最终导致发病雏鸭死亡。210 one-day-old Tianfu meet ducklings were divided into three groups, and fed on diets as follow: control (Cu 12.16 mg/kg), copper toxic I (Cu 850 mg/kg) and copper toxic Ⅱ ( Cu 1 050 mg/kg) for studying effects of copper toxicity on organs and serum enzyme activities in duckling by the methods of experimental pathology. At pathological level, there were similar lesions in both two copper toxic groups compared with control group. At necropsy, the cuticle of gizzard was thickened. The digestive tract was full of the black-brown, red-brown or light-green substance and intestinal mucosa was swelled. Lymphoid organs were smaller in both copper toxic groups than that in control group. At histopathological level, the hepatocytes, epithelial cells of renal tubule and cardiac muscle cells mainly showed granular and vacuolar degeneration. The epithelial cells of intestinal mucosa were degenerated and necrotic. The intestinal villi were broken. Lymphocytes of lymphoid organs were depleted, degenerated and necrotic.At ultrastructural level, the mitochondria of hepatocytes were swelled, and its crista were broken or / and disappeared. The deposited substance with high electron density appeared in the cytoplasma and nucleus of hepatocyte. The serum caeruloplasmin activity was much lower, and serum glutamic-pyruvic transminase and glutamic-oxaloacetic transminase activities were much higher in copper toxic groups than that in control group. The (above) mentioned results demonstrated that the target organs impaired by copper toxicity were liver, kidney, heart, gastrointestines and lymphoid organs. The death of affected duckling due to the injury, disfunction of organs.

关 键 词：铜中毒 病理变化 生化指标 雏鸭 

分 类 号：S856.9[农业科学—临床兽医学]