植物提取物和药剂对蔬菜蚜虫种群的联合控制作用  

Controlling effects of plant extracts and pesticides on Myzus persicae and Lipaphis erysimi populations.

作　　者：周琼[1] 梁广文[2] 曾玲[2] 沈叔平[2] 岑伊静[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学生命科学学院,湘潭411201 [2]华南农业大学昆虫生态研究室,广州510462

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2005年第7期1317-1321,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(39930120);湖南科技大学博士基金资助项目(E53107).

摘　　要：研究白蝴蝶(Syngoniumpodophyllum)乙醇提取物、苍耳(Xanthiumsibiricum)乙醇提取物、机油乳剂和0.3%印楝素乳油对桃蚜(Myzuspersicae)和萝卜蚜(Lipaphiserysimi)的控制效果.室内四因子(1/2实施)二次正交回归旋转组合设计测试对有翅蚜的忌避作用,结果表明,对有翅桃蚜的主要忌避作用物为苍耳乙醇提取物,当苍耳提取物与白蝴蝶乙醇提取物混用,以及机油乳剂和印楝素混用时,对桃蚜有翅蚜的忌避效果提高;而对萝卜蚜有翅蚜的忌避作用主要受苍耳提取物和白蝴蝶提取物的影响.这些干扰作用均是非线性的.田间试验结果,单独使用白蝴蝶提取物对有翅成蚜有较强的驱避作用;对萝卜蚜自然种群的干扰控制作用以4种植物提取物和药剂混配效果最好,达95.7%;对桃蚜自然种群干扰控制效果最好的则是白蝴蝶提取物,控制效果达87%;同时,白蝴蝶提取物与印楝素乳油混配以及苍耳提取物与印楝素乳油混配,对两种蚜虫的控制效果均达80%以上.This paper studied the controlling effects of Xanthium sibiricum and Syngonium podophyllum ethanol extracts,mobile oil emulsion and 0.3% azadirachtin EC on Myzus persicae and Lipaphis erysimi populations both in laboratory and in field.The results showed that in laboratory,X.sibiricum extract was the key deterrent to Myzus persicae,while sprayed it with S.podophyllum extract and with petroleum spray oil or 0.3% azadirachtin EC,the deterrent effect could be improved.As for pterigota Lipaphis erysimi,the extracts of the two plants were the main deterrents,and their interference effect was non-linear.In field,S.podophyllum extract had a stronger deterrent effect when sprayed independently.L.erysimi population could be successfully controlled by the mixtures of plant extracts and insecticides,with an efficiency of 95.7%.The best treatment against M.persicae population was X.sibiricum extract,with an efficiency of 87%,while S.podophyllum extract mixed with 0.3% azadirachtin EC,and X.sibiricum extract mixed with 0.3% azadirachtin EC had an efficiency of >80%.

关 键 词：植物提取物 药剂 萝卜蚜 桃蚜 忌避指数 干扰作用控制指数(IIPC) 

分 类 号：S436.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]