包头市沙尘暴与人群急性健康效应关系的初步研究  

Relationship Between Dust Storms and Acute Impacts in Baotou City

作　　者：彭瑞玲[1] 潘小川[1] 张翼翔[2] 王素华[2] 吴延花[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,北京100083 [2]内蒙古科技大学公共卫生学院,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2005年第4期249-251,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(3023310)

摘　　要：目的研究沙尘暴对人群可能造成的急性健康危害。方法选取包头市某2所小学的3～5年级的918名学生及其1770名家长为研究对象,在2004年3月沙尘暴期间进行健康状况问卷调查,并监测大气中PM2.5浓度。结果沙尘暴当天,大气中PM2.5的24h平均浓度显著增高(212.9μg/m3),而沙尘暴后迅速下降(低于100μg/m3);沙尘暴发生期间的连续9d,人群的活动模式(室内、室外活动时间)未见显著性变化;人群呼吸系统相关的各症状发生率均在PM2.5浓度最高的沙尘暴当天为最高,其次为PM2.5浓度较低的沙尘暴前1天,最低为沙尘暴发生后7d。结论人群的活动模式受沙尘暴影响较少;沙尘暴对人群可能造成急性健康危害,而不会有延迟效应;沙尘暴期间大气中PM2.5浓度可能与人群呼吸系统相关症状的发生有关。Objective To make it clear whether dust storms may produce same acute adverse impacts on community population. Methods 2 primary schools in Baotou City were selected. During the period of dust storm in March of 2004 an investigation among 918 pupils from third to fifth grades and 1 770 parents of them was conducted by questionnaires. Meanwhile the concentrations of PM2.5 were also determined. Results On the day of dust storms developed the concentrations of PM2.5 obviously increased (212.9 μg/m3)then decreased rapidly(<100 μg/m3)as it passed. During the consecutive 9 days no significant change was found in the everyday activity mode of the population. The highest incidence of diseases and symptoms related to respiratory system was found on the day when the dust storm broke out with the highest concentration of PM2.5 and the less incidence was found on the last day and the followed seven days. Conclusion The dust storms have few effects on population everyday activity mode. Dust storms may have some acute adverse impacts not delayed effects on human health. The concentrations of PM2.5 in dust storms may be related to incidence of various diseases and symptoms.

关 键 词：颗粒物 沙尘暴 急性效应 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]