半密闭地下环境的健康影响  

Underground Part-Obturated Environment and Human Health

作　　者：郑世英[1] 张永良[1] 郑铁钢[1] 邢利和[1] 智强[1] 彭建宇[1] 许坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第251医院,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2005年第4期271-273,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：北京军区科研课题(02A004)

摘　　要：目的观察半密闭地下环境对健康的影响。方法于2003年9月在某半密闭地下环境中对12名健康男性受试者进行为期6d的试验观察,监测受试地下房间气温、相对湿度及风速,空气中可吸入颗粒物(IP)、CO2浓度、空气细菌总数、真菌数。分别于实验前12h(简称实验前)、进驻后第6天(简称实验中)、实验结束后第4天(简称实验后)、实验结束后第8天及第70天测定受试者血常规、体液免疫和细胞免疫指标并对受试人员饮食、饮水、睡眠、排便等基本生活规律及自觉症状进行问卷调查。结果半密闭环境平均气温15.2℃,气湿75.5%,风速0.06m/s。由于不能通风,实验中空气污染加重,空气中IP和CO2浓度分别是本底的5.1、1.6倍,细菌总数及真菌数分别是本底的7.7、3.8倍,1例受试者的白细胞计数及3例受试者的淋巴细胞偏高。实验中细胞免疫指标CD3+、CD8+及B细胞明显降低,平均分别为60.05%,26.04%及10.41%,与实验前、后比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);NK细胞(28.83%)与实验前、后比较均升高,且均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。体液免疫指标全部正常。50%以上受试者有头昏、头痛、关节痛及胸闷等自觉症状,脱离半密闭地下环境后1～4d绝大多数症状消失,而关节痛消失缓慢。结论受试者在半密闭地下环境6d内,机体代偿功能正常,无明显健康变化。Objective To observe the effect of underground part-obturated environment on human health. Methods 12 testees were chosen to undergo the experiment of 6 days in the part-obturated situation. The microclimate blood routine immunological items and the symptoms were investigated. Results In the part-obturated environment the average temperature was 15.2 ℃ the humidity was 75.5% the velocity of the wind was 0.06 m/s. Among the testees one was found had higher WBC number three had higher lymphocytes number. During the experiment the average value of CD3+ CD8+ and B cell were 60.05% 26.04% and 10.41% respectively the NK cell was higher compared with the controlbefore the experiment the differences were significant P<0.05. The other indexes were normal. About half of the human had swirl headache and arthrosis. Because of the low temperature high humidity shadowiness and bad ventilation most testees have some symptoms in levels which disappeared after left the situation 1-4 days but the arthrosis disappeared slowly. Someone have the pharyngitis and catch a cold whose WBC and the lymphocyte number are higher than the normal. Conclusion A part of people have the normal compensation function though the cell immunological item changed. It seemed no obvious harm for human health to stay in the part-obturated environment for 6 days.

关 键 词：空气污染 室内 地下环境 健康效应 

分 类 号：R122.2[医药卫生—环境卫生学]