利用多普勒天气雷达估算层状云的降水效率  

THE STUDY ON PRECIPITATION EFFICIENCY OF STRATIFORM CLOUD BY DOPPLER RADAR

作　　者：石立新[1] 汤达章[2] 万蓉 夏文梅[4] 

机构地区：[1]河北省人工影响天气办公室,石家庄05002 [2]南京气象学院,南京210044 [3]武汉暴雨研究所,武汉430074 [4]江苏省气象台,南京210009

出　　处：《气象科学》2005年第3期272-279,共8页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：江苏省科技项目(编号:BS2003054);"多普勒雷达在人工增雨中的应用"课题共同资助

摘　　要：通过多普勒天气雷达VAD(velocityazimuthdisplay)技术可以反演得到水平线性风场和非线性风场的平均散度。根据连续方程求出不同高度层面的垂直速度,再利用探空曲线计算水汽凝结率。假定云中凝结和凝华的水量全部降落到地面,结合地面雨量计实测资料可以估算其降水效率。用该方法计算华北地区降水性层状云两次降水过程的平均降水效率分别为68%和59%。A method to estimate the precipitation efficiency using a single Doppler radar is applied in the study. The average horizontal divergence can be derived from the velocity-azimuth display (VAD) technique. According to the mass continuity equation, vertical air velocities in different altitude layers can be obtained. Combined with radiosonde observation, the theoretical precipitation rate can be estimated. The calculated precipitation rate from VAD technique compares very well with gauge-measured precipitation rate. The precipitation efficiencies of two stratiform clouds processes over North China are 68% and 59% respectively.

关 键 词：多普勒天气雷达VAD技术 降水效率 

分 类 号：P463.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]