2003年夏季OLR特征及与中国异常天气的关系  

OLR Characteristics and Relationship with Abnormal Weather Processes in China in Summer 2003

作　　者：于玉斌[1] 姚秀萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院 [2]中国气象局培训中心

出　　处：《气象》2005年第7期10-15,共6页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目40205008和40135020资助

摘　　要：利用NOAA卫星观测的多年平均OLR及2003年的OLR资料,分析了2003年夏季OLR场的异常特征及其与2003年中国夏季异常天气的关系。结果表明,2003年夏季在60～150°E范围内热带辐合带(ITCZ)主要分布在赤道以北的阿拉伯海、孟加拉湾到南海地区,其中孟加拉湾、阿拉伯海地区的对流较常年偏强,而南海地区的对流较常年的偏弱;菲律宾以东洋面的OLR场数值异常偏高,对流活动异常不活跃,这是2003年台风异常偏少的主要原因;OLR大于250W·m-2的区域所表征的西太平洋副热带高压与常年相比,表现为南北活动相对稳定、东西出现振荡、强度偏强的特征,这是2003年南方持续高温酷暑天气的主要原因之一。With the Outing Longwave Radiation (OLR) data sets observed by the NOAA satellites, the diagnostic analyses of the OLR characteristics over the tropical and subtropical regions and its (impacts) on the unusual weather processes in China in the summer of 2003 are done. The results show that the ITCZ distributing over the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea are stronger than (usual), while that over the South China Sea is weaker than (usual) in the summer of 2003, the anomalous OLR in the east of the Philipine Islands is anomalously higher than (usual), the anomalously inactive convective region is the main factor leading to fewer typhoons than (usual). Moreover, the subtropical Anticyclone in the West Pacific Ocean described by the area in which OLR is more than 250W·m^(-2) is characterized by the relative stability in the north-south direction and the oscillation in the east-west direction, which is one of the primary reasons causing the higher temperature over South China in the summer of 2003.

关 键 词：2003年夏季 异常天气 OLR特征 中国 西太平洋副热带高压 OLR场 南海地区 孟加拉湾 OLR资料 热带辐合带 卫星观测 NOAA 异常特征 阿拉伯海 活动异常 相对稳定 持续高温 年平均 对流 菲律宾 原因 赤道 洋面 台风 

分 类 号：P433[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P458