磷酸单酯反应型表面活性剂的合成  

Synthesis of Reactive Surfactant of Mono-alkyl phosphates

作　　者：石艳红[1] 李国明[1] 黄巧[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学化学系,广州510631

出　　处：《应用化学》2005年第7期804-807,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

摘　　要：研究了磷酸单酯反应型表面活性剂的合成工艺,通过正交设计实验确定了合成的最佳工艺条件。用对甲苯磺酸作催化剂,n(α甲基丙烯酸)∶n(1,10癸二醇)=1∶1.75,80℃反应5h,得甲基丙烯酸ω羟基癸酯(Ⅰ)。Ⅰ再与磷酸化试剂在60～70℃反应5h,水解反应1h,得甲基丙烯酸ω磷酸酯基癸醇酯(Ⅱ)。用氢氧化钾对其进行皂化,得到相应的磷酸酯盐。单酯收率达97.9%。其乳化力优于SDS和DNS86,临界胶束浓度为0.036mol/L。The synthesis technology for mono-alkyl phosphate reactive surfactants was studied and the (optimum) conditions of preparation were determined on the basis of experimental results. Firstly, ω-hydroxy-(decyl-methacrylate)(compound Ⅰ) was synthesized when the mole ratio of methacrylic acid to 1,10-decanediol was 1∶1.75 with p-toluene sulphonic acid as catalyst and at 80 ℃ for 5 h. Secondly, ω-phosphate-decylmethacrylate(compound Ⅱ) was obtained by the reaction of compound Ⅰ with P_(2)O_(5) at the mole ratio of 2∶3, the reaction temperature was 60～70 ℃, the reaction time was 5 h; and then, the hydrolysis reaction time was 1 h. Finally, the product was got by neutralizing the compound Ⅱ with KOH. The yield of alkyl monophosphate reaches to 97.91% .It was found that the emulsifying power of the product was better than those of SDS and DNS-86, the critical micell concentration of the product was 0.036 mol/L.

关 键 词：磷酸单酯 反应型表面活性剂 合成 性能 

分 类 号：O647.2[理学—物理化学]