地质流体及成矿作用研究综述  

REVIEW OF GEOLOGICAL FLUID AND ITS MINERALIZATION MECHANISM

作　　者：谭文娟[1] 魏俊浩[1] 郭大招[1] 谭俊[1] 伍静华 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学资源学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]鄂西北地质矿产调查所,湖北襄樊441003

出　　处：《矿产与地质》2005年第3期227-232,共6页Mineral Resources and Geology

基　　金：教育部博士点基金(编号:20040491502)资助。

摘　　要：地质流体是一定地质作用的产物,而矿床的形成过程与特定地质构造背景下地质流体的产生、运移和聚集有着密切联系。不同成矿流体的成矿机制各有差异。岩浆热液因温度降低、压力减小等因素使热液中成矿物质达到过饱和,从而产生矿质沉淀;沉积盆地含矿热卤水流体在热对流、沉积压实等作用下运移、充填、聚集;与海底基性火山活动有关的现代大洋海底热液形成硫化物矿床;地幔流体的碱交代作用形成大型—超大型中高温热液矿床。在具体的成矿过程中,各种构造环境又对流体中的成矿元素的分配、集中起到至关重要的控制作用。<Abstrcat>Geological fluids are the certain results of geological processes, and the formation of ore deposits has closely associated with the origin, migration and sedimentation of geological fluids in the special structural setting. There are some differences in the mineralized mechanisms of different geological fluids. Magmatic hydrothermal fluids achieve in ore-forming elements supersaturation and deposition because of depressed temperature and decreased pressure. Basin fluids migrate and congregate in the process of convection or aggradation. Sea floor hydrothermal fluids associated with submarine basic magmatic activity form the sulphide deposits. The alkali metasomatism of mantle fluids forms large scale mesothermal deposit. In the mineralized stage, the structures play an important part in the distribution and concentration of ore-forming elements.

关 键 词：地质流体 成矿作用 综述 成矿机制 岩浆热液 超临界流体 构造-流体-成矿作用 

分 类 号：P611[天文地球—矿床学]