磺化——制备聚合物荷电膜材料的有效方法  

SULFONATION-A PROMISING METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF POLYMER CHARGED MEMBRANES

作　　者：吴雪梅[1] 贺高红[1] 顾爽[1] 姚平经[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学精细化工国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116012

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2005年第4期10-13,共4页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50273005)资助项目

摘　　要：磺化是制备聚合物荷电膜材料的一种有效方法,磺化聚合物制备的荷电膜用做超滤膜、纳滤膜、反渗透膜、离子交换膜等显示出良好的选择性、离子传导性及抗污染能力。由于聚合物与有机小分子物质性能的显著差异,聚合物磺化可以采用聚合物基质磺化、小分子磺酸单体直接聚合或接枝、聚合物膜磺化等不同方法。除采用常规磺化剂,如硫酸、氯磺酸、三氧化硫等,还可以采用磺酸酯等温和磺化剂以及金属化路线进行磺化反应。反应后处理多采用水或有机溶剂沉淀法。Sulfonation is a promising method for preparation of polymer charged membranes. Serving as ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis or ion-exchange membranes, sulfonated polymers exhibit excellent properties such as high selectivity, high ion conductivity and anti-fouling. Different from organic molecules, polymers can be sulfonated by several methods, such as sulfonation of polymer matrixes, polymerizing or grafting of sulfonated monomer, or direct sulfonation on polymer membranes. Mild sulfonation reagents such as acetyl sulfate, as well as conventional used H_2SO_4, ClSO_3H, SO_3 can perform sulfonation reactions. Or sulfonation reactions can even occur though metalation-sulfination-oxidation methodologies. Precipitation is the most useful method for the preparation of solid particle sulfonation products.

关 键 词：磺化 荷电膜 聚合物改性 直接聚合 沉淀法 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]