植物基因分离的图位克隆技术  

Map-based Cloning for Plants Gene Isolation

作　　者：闫其涛[1] 逯慧[1] 毛万霞[1] 李建粤[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院,上海200234

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2005年第4期585-590,共6页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：上海市科技发展基金(批准号:023112027)支持项目。

摘　　要：传统的基因功能克隆、表型克隆方法具有基因表达产物不清楚,难以进行相关基因分离等缺点。目前,图位克隆技术日渐成熟,已成为分离基因的有效方法,并在分离不同的植物基因中得到了广泛的应用。本文简要介绍图位克隆技术原理,并详细阐述图位克隆操作的4个重要技术环节:筛选与目的基因紧密连锁的分子标记、目的基因的定位、构建高质量容易操作的大片段基因组文库和目的基因的筛选和鉴定。本文还概述了近年来利用图位克隆技术分离植物基因的研究成果以及最新研究进展,并对图位技术的应用前景作出展望:在不久的将来,在比较基因组学中统一遗传系统理论的指导下,在具有高多态性水平的以PCR为基础的分子标记日趋饱和的背景下,应用图位克隆技术在植物基因克隆研究中必将取得更加辉煌的成果。There are the disadvantages of traditional gene cloning ways by functional and phonetypical analyses, including unknown products expressed by relation genes and uneasy-operation to the gene. The technique of map-based cloning has being perfected now, and already become a kind of valuable method for gene isolation. It has been extensive applied in a lot of plant gene cloning. This review introduced briefly the principle of map-based cloning, and give detailed description of the operation steps by map-based cloing:screening molecular marker connected with target gene,orientating target gene,constructing big fragment genome library as well as screening and identificating the target gene. This paper also summarized the progress of map-based cloning on plant gene isolation, and set forward the prospect on application of map-based cloing. In the future, with the guidance of genomic heredity system theory and at the backgrounds of moleculer marker based on PCR in high pleiomorphism, the application of map-based cloning might achieve more shining progress in plant gene cloning.

关 键 词：克隆技术 基因分离 基因表达产物 图位克隆 目的基因 比较基因组学 植物基因 分子标记 基因组文库 功能克隆 克隆方法 有效方法 技术原理 技术环节 研究进展 研究成果 技术分离 系统理论 基因克隆 行相关 应用 PCR 多态性 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]