山东章丘地区农民心脑血管病防治知识知晓率的性别及文化程度差异  

Awareness rate of prevention and cure information about cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in farmers of different sex and different cultural level in Zhangqiu area of Shandong province

作　　者：路方红[1] 商青[1] 孟庆杰 董明 牛峰 吴凡[1] 田奇[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东省医学科学院基础所心血管室,山东省济南市250062 [2]山东省章丘市卫生局,山东省章丘市250200 [3]中国香港中文大学维尔斯亲王医院麻醉及深切治疗系

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第23期10-12,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:调查章丘农民对心脑血管病卫生知识了解程度以及他们对相关卫生保健知识的态度及行为状况。方法:根据整群随机抽样原则于2002-04/06从章丘市选取绣惠镇的现住以务农为主的农民27504人作为调查对象。采用心血管病卫生知识、态度及行为调查表以访谈方式在章丘市绣惠镇各级卫生院进行调查。人口统计内容包括:姓名、性别、年龄、职业、文化程度、婚姻状况、病史和家族史;心血管病卫生知识有15个问题,主要包括高血压、冠心病和脑卒中的主要危险因素和简单的诊断标准;态度和行为部分有12个问题,主要包括吸烟、饮酒、食盐摄入量、体育锻炼和性格方面的内容。按性别、文化程度分层后进行分析。结果:共调查27504人,应答率100%;调查对象中男13324人(48.444%),女14180人(51.656%)。文化程度:高中以上1037人,初中13503人,小学10204人,文盲或半文盲2760人。①对于是否需要经常测血压、是否曾经测量过血压以及对自己血压的知晓情况,男女之间无明显差异(P>0.05)。对于心血管病卫生知识的了解程度,男性高于女性(χ2=5.944～88.206,P<0.05～0.01)。对于高血压诊断标准、成人食盐标准学术性较强的问题,男女知晓率均很低(男:19.7%,4.7%;女:16.8%,3.9%)。②被调查者84.6%的人曾测过血压,高血压病人中认为高血压有必要服药者占52.8%,体重超重者中认为有必要控制体重者占63.3%。农民中偏好高盐饮食者占71.3%,其中男71.8%,女70.8%;目前吸烟的农民中有50.6%的人认为有必要戒烟,男55.4%,女59.1%;目前饮酒的农民有57.3%人认为应该限酒,男57.5%,女54.5%。以上3项指标男女之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。③不同文化背景的农民,对相关卫生知识了解程度随文化程度的增高而增加(趋势χ2=895.18～5133.98,P<0.01)。④农民对高盐饮食、吸烟、饮酒对身体的危害以及有氧运动和药物控制血压的必要性的�AIM: To investigate comprehensive degree of health information regarding cardio-cerebral vascular disease and the attitude and behavior status of relative health care information in Zhangqiu farmers. METHODS: 27 504 farmers who were engaged in agriculture were selected from Xiuhui town, Zhangqiu city as investigation object between April and June 2002 according to cluster random sampling principle. It was performed in every grade public health centre of Xiuhui town, Zhangqiu city in the way of talking using cardiovascular disease health information, manner and behavior inventory. The content of demographic statistics included name, sex, age, profession, cultural level, marital status, history and family history. The cardiovascular disease health information had 15 problems, including main risk factor and simple diagnosis standard of hypertension, coronary heart disease and stroke. The manner and behavior part had 12 questions, including smoking, drinking, salt intake, physical training and character. They were analyzed after dividing by sex and cultural level.RESULTS:Totally 27 504 people were investigated, and the response rate was 100%, including 13 324 males (48.444%) and 14 180 females (51.656%). The cultural level: 1 037 people were with above senior high school; 13 503 people were with middle school; 10 204 were with elementary school; 2 760 people were with illiteracy or semiliterate. ① The questions about whether it was needed to measure blood pressure often; whether measured blood pressure before and the knowledge of oneself's blood pressure, there was no significantly difference between male and female (P > 0.05). The knowledge about cardiovascular disease health information in male was higher than that in female (χ2=5.944-88.206,P < 0.05-0.01).The witting rate about academic question of hypertension diagnosis.standard, adult salt standard was very low both in male and in female (male:19.7%,4.7%;female:16.8%,3.9%).②There were 84.6% people having measured blood pressure.Among the hypertension patien

关 键 词：心血管疾病/预防与控制 脑血管意外/预防与控制 山东 

分 类 号：R543[医药卫生—心血管疾病]