机动车VOCs排放特征和排放因子的隧道测试研究  

Tunnel experimental study on the emission factors of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from vehicles

作　　者：付琳琳[1] 邵敏[1] 刘源[1] 刘莹[1] 陆思华[1] 汤大钢[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境模拟与污染控制重点联合实验室,北京大学环境学院北京100871 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2005年第7期879-885,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.40275037);国家重点基础研究项目(No.2002CB410801);国家高技术项目(No.2003AA641040)~~

摘　　要：为了得到真实道路交通状态下的城市机动车排放因子,选取广州珠江隧道,进行了机动车VOCs排放特征和排放因子的隧道实验.实验得到隧道机动车平均排放因子为(0.52±0.07)g·km-1·辆-1,其中轻型车排放因子为(0.32±0.14)g·km-1·辆-1,重型车排放因子为(0.26±0.33)g·km-1·辆-1,摩托车排放因子为(1.16±0.26)g·km-1·辆-1.机动车排放的VOCs中烷烃占39.7%,烯烃和炔烃占35.3%,芳香烃占25.0%.排放物质居前三位的排放因子分别为乙烯(52.9±7.4)mg·km-1·辆-1、异戊烷(41.5±7.0)mg·km-1·辆-1和甲苯(31.7±5.5)mg·km-1·辆-1.隧道实验得到的排放因子与机动车台架实验的结果基本吻合.Vehicular emissions are among major sources of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urban areas. To understand the emission of urban vehicles in a real road traffic situation, the Pearl River tunnel in Guangzhou city was selected, and a tunnel experiment for vehicle VOCs emission characteristics and emission factors were performed. The average VOCs emission factor was (0.52±0.07)g·km^(-1)·veh^(-1). Alkanes, alkenes (with alkynes), and aromatics account for 39.7%, 35.3% and 25.0% in vehicular VOCs emissions. The emission factors for light duty vehicle, heavy duty vehicle and motorcycle were (0.32±0.14), (0.26±0.33), and (1.16±0.26) g·km^(-1)·veh^(-1) respectively. The Top 3 VOCs species with the highest emission factors were ethene, isopentane and toluene, their emission factors were (52.9±7.4), (41.5±7.0) and (31.7±5.5)mg·km^(-1)·veh^(-1). The emission factors found from this tunnel experiment agree well with results obtained by dynamometer experiments.

关 键 词：隧道实验 大气挥发性有机物 机动车尾气 排放因子 

分 类 号：X701[环境科学与工程—环境工程]