地下水位短临异常演化特征及其与地震关系的研究  

Study on the Short-impending Anomalous Evolutionary Characteristics of Groundwater Level and Their Relationship with Earthquake

作　　者：陆明勇[1] 牛安福[2] 陈兵[3] 彭立国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震应急搜救中心,北京市玉泉西街1号100049 [2]中国地震局台网中心,北京1000363 [3]中国地震局第二监测中心,西安710054

出　　处：《中国地震》2005年第2期269-279,共11页Earthquake Research in China

基　　金：地震科学联合基金项目[104009]。

摘　　要：本文对1976年唐山地震以来华北地区MS≥5.0地震前的地下水位异常资料进行了系统整理,分析研究了水位短临前兆异常的时空演化特征及其与地震的关系。结果表明:震前水位短临异常的空间分布主要集中在一定范围并沿活动断裂带展布,且不均匀;大部分地震的水位短期异常较临震异常多;震前水位短期异常向临震异常过度时,分布区向震源区收缩,但在震中距100km左右以内这种现象不明显;震级与短临异常展布范围、短期异常幅度有一定关系,而与临震时期异常大小的关系不明显;地震发震时间与异常的超前、持续以及等待时间有关;地震发生地点与异常分布特征有关,震中往往不在短临异常集中区的几何中心,而是在异常范围内的某一侧或异常迁移方向附近。The variation data of groundwater level is systematically arranged in North China before M_S≥5.0 earthquakes since the 1976 Tangshan earthquake, and the spacio-temporal evolutionary characteristics of short-impending anomaly on groundwater level and their relationship with earthquake are analysed and studied.The result indicates that: the spatial distribution of short-impending anomaly on groundwater level is mainly concentrated in a certain area and inhomogeneously distributed along the active fault zone. The large earthquake of short-term anomalies is more that of impending-term anomalies.The short-impending anomalous distribution area concentrate to source region from short-term stage to impending stage, but when in 100km or so this concentrating trend become little apparent. Earthquake scale and short-impending anomalous well numbers has a certain connection, earthquake scale and short-term anomalous amplitude also has a certain connection, but earthquake scale and amplitude of impending anomaly has not apparent connection. The time of earthquake occurrence is relationship with anomalous advance time,anomalous duration time and anomalous waiting time. The occurrence site is related with anomalous distribution characteristics is not often geometrical center of short-impending anomalous concentration area, and is any a side of anomalous zone or adjacent site of anomalous migration direction.

关 键 词：地震 地下水位 短临异常 时空演化 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学]