小儿急性感染性胃肠炎的病毒病原研究  

Detection of Diarrhoea Viruses in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis

作　　者：赵锦铭[1] 强伯勤 赵同兴 宋燕燕 邓洁[1] 陈惜平 屈建国 郭玉茹 赵雅宁[1] 程红[1] 张群 

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所,中国医学科学院基础医学研究所,中国预防医学科学院病毒学研究所,北京热带病研究所,北京军区总医院儿科,北京崇文区儿童医院

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》1995年第1期45-49,共5页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金：国家及北京市自然科学基金资助

摘　　要：对全国１７省市收集的１７７４例腹泻患儿，９８例非腹泻儿和１３５例正常新生儿，以及３６例腹泻和３７例无腹泻成人粪标本，用不同方法研究其病毒病原。用ＲＮＡ－ＰＡＧＥ法查１７７４份患儿标本，轮状病毒ＲＮＡ阳性率为３９％，腺病毒为１．５％，呼肠病毒为０．２％，非腹泻儿、正常新生儿以及成年人粪标本均阴性。在所检出的轮状病毒中Ａ组病毒占９９．６％，Ｃ组病毒占０．４％。Ａ组病毒中ＲＮＡ长型占６４．８％，短型占３４．３％，长、短混合型占０．８７％。上述各病毒不同年、季度、城市、患儿不同年龄组分布不一。电镜检查的３４９份标本中，轮状病毒检出率为１０．６％，腺病毒为４．３％，类冠状病毒０．９％，小圆病毒０．９％，病毒副结晶０．３％，同时检查同时期的２４份非腹泻儿及１９份成人腹泻标本阴性。行病毒分离的２１６份标本中，肠道病毒检出率为６．９％，已鉴定的病毒为ＥＣＨＯ病毒。This survey covers 1774 infants and children with acute gastroenteritis (diarrhea) in 17 provinces and cities of China.Stool specimens collected from 1774 children with diarrhea,from 98 children without diarrhea,from 135 babies without diarrhea,from 36 adults with diarrhea,and from 37 normal adults were examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE),ELISA,EM,and virus isolation.Results obatained from PAGE showed that human rotavirus RNA was detected in 691 (39%) of the 1774 stool specirnens examined;adenovirus DNA was detected in 26 (1.5%);Reovirus RNA was detected in 4 (0.2%):No virus was detected in the other stool specimens.According to the genome profile on PAGE,688 (99.6%) among the 691 rotavirus RNA positive belonged to group A virus,and the other 3 (0.4%) belonged to group C virus.According to the different migration of 10,11 segments on PAGE,the RNA pattern of group A rotavirus could be divided into two subpatterns:Long and short patterns.The 446 positive were in the long pattern,while the 236 positive were in the short patterns.Among the rest there were 6 appeared to be mixed types,and the remained one was uncertained.The positive rate of rotavirus,Adenovirus,and Reovirus varied not only different years,seasons.and months,but also with age of the patients,and cities,where the patients live.Results obtained from EM showed that Rotavirus was detected in 37 (10.6%) out of 349 stool specimens examined,while adenovirus in 15 (4.3%),coronavirus-like in 3 (0.9%),small round virus in 3(0.9%),and virus crystalloid in 1 (0.3%).By using different cell line in virus isolation,such as HEK,Hep-2,and HeLa,enteroviruses were isolated from 15 (6.9%) out of 216 stool specimens,and adenoviruses were isolated in 7 (3.2%).(Capital Institute of Pediatrics 100020)(Institute of Basic Medical Science,CAMS,Beijing 100005)(Institute of Virology,Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine,Beijing 100052)

关 键 词：胃肠炎 病毒学 轮状病毒 腹泻 儿童 

分 类 号：R512.503[医药卫生—内科学]