新疆大豆生产及生态的研究——Ⅰ.开花期缺水和遮光处理对大豆干物质生产及株型的影响  

The Study of Soybean Ecotypes and Its Production in Xinjiang Ⅰ. The Effects of Shading and Moisture Stress on Flowering and Dry Matter Production in Soybean Ecotypes

作　　者：王培武 李治远 礒田昭弘 魏国治[3] 涂华玉[3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆石河子工业技术开发研究中心,新疆石河子832000 [2]日本国千叶大学园艺学部 [3]新疆石河子农学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《作物学报》1995年第4期396-403,共8页Acta Agronomica Sinica

摘　　要：为了查明在新疆自然条件下,土壤水份和光照强度对大豆干物质生产和生态的影响,进行了4种灌溉量和4种光照率处理的裂区试验,在开花期处理1个月.试验期间使用了计算机控制下的数据采集系统,对供试作物在缺水和遮阴条件下,大豆群体内的光环境进行了调查,对大豆的物质生产、生态和受光态势的变化进行了研究.结果证明,缺水和遮阴都会使大豆叶面积减少,最终导致干物质生产量减少.水分和光环境的变化都将影响干物质分配率、株型和受光态势,但所影响的内容却不完全相同.缺水和遮阴都将影响单产和干物质生产量,特别是缺水对所有的产量构成要素均产生不利的影响,缺水还将促使叶片提早老化,使大豆植株早衰,对大豆产生不可逆的极大的影响.A study was conducted to investigate the effects of 2 ecological factors: 1) soil moisture and 2) light intensity on dry matter production in soybean under natural conditions in Xinjiang. A split-plot design with 4 main irrigation treatments and 4 light intensity levels as subtreaments was imposed at flowering stage on soybean for a month. The data collection system manipulated by a computer, measured the light environment and the leaf temperature of the soybean population which was subjected to moisture stress and shading. The changes of the soybean dry matter production and light interception characteristics showed that: moisture stress and shading resulted in the reduction of leaf area and low dry matter production, Water deficiency and poor light intensity affected the distribution of dry matter in the ecotypes to varying degrees.Moisture stress and shading influenced the yield / unit area and dry matter to a large extent. Moisture stress affected all the yield components as well as leaf senescence. The great effect of moisture stress on soybean was thus discernible.Cultural practices to enhance greater leaf area for higher dry matter production must be of prime importance.

关 键 词：缺水 遮光 大豆 干物质分配率 绿色面积指数 

分 类 号：S565.101[农业科学—作物学]