近江牡蛎受精细胞学研究  

A CYTOLOGICAL STUDY ON FERTILIZATION OF EGGS IN OSTREA RIVULARIS GOULD

作　　者：沈亦平[1] 刘汀[1] 姜海波[1] 张锡元[1] 陈晓汉[1] 叶力[1] 吴斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学生命科学学院,广西海洋研究所

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（自然科学版）》1995年第4期482-486,共5页Journal of Wuhan University(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：用醋酸──地衣红染色的方法对近江牡蛎人工授精的卵子减数分裂和受精过程进行了详细的细胞学观察．精子入卵前，卵子处于第一次减数分裂的前期（胚泡期），精子入卵后，胚泡消失，然后进行两次减数分裂，在海水温度为２８．８℃的情况下，授精后３３ｍｉｎ和４５ｍｉｎ，绝大部分受精卵已排出第一极体和第二极体，雄原核可在第一极体排出后及第二极体排出前任何时期内形成，雌雄原核以联合的方式将两组染色体合并，授精后１ｈ，大部分卵子完成第一次卵裂．在２５℃和２６℃授精的情况下，观察到了较多的多精入卵的现象．卵子发育的非同步性现象非常明显．The events of meiosis and fertilization in Ostrea rivularis were observed withacteo-orcein stain method. The early development of eggs up to 2-cells stage was divilded into19 stages mainly according to the chromosome behavior of both male (sperm, male pro nuclear)and female (meiosis and female pronuclear). Eggs were fertilized and developed at28. 8℃. Before sperm penetration,all eggs were at prophase of first meiosis (Germinal vesiclestage). After sperm penetration, germinal vesicle underwent breakdown and two meiotic division followed. first and second polar body were extruted mainly at 33 min and 45 min postinsemination. Male pronuclear was formed before female promuclear,the chromatin of maleand female pronuclear condensed separately and associated at the metaphase plate of firstcleavage. One hour after insemination, most eggs reached the 2-cell stage. Polyspermy wasobserved at 25℃ and 26℃, it may led to the formation of abmormal embryos and polyploid. Asynchronous development of eggs was apparent.

关 键 词：牡蛎 减数分裂 受精 细胞学 贝类 遗传育种 

分 类 号：S968.321[农业科学—水产养殖]