高血压大鼠视网膜超微结构改变及开搏通终身治疗后的观察  

An observation on pathological changes of retinal ultrastructure of rat with hypertension and after its life-long treatment with captopril

作　　者：陈瑞华[1] 蔡兆明[1] 康仲涵[1] 张声[1] 朱学军[1] 吴翊钦[1] 梁平[1] 钟秀容[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建医学院解剖学教研室,福建医学院高血压研究室,福建医学院电镜室,福建医学院附属第一医院眼科

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》1995年第1期45-48,T002,共5页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金

摘　　要：应用眼底镜及光电镜观察高血压大鼠及开搏通终身治疗后大鼠的眼底变化及视网膜超微结构改变，并以正常大鼠做对照组。结果表明：高血压组眼底见动静脉管径比为１：２，动脉痉挛变细，反光增强，管径粗细不匀，相当于第Ｉ、ＩＩ级高血压眼底。光镜下见：视网膜毛细血管基膜增厚，管腔狭窄致视网膜缺血、缺氧。电镜下主要病变在视细胞外节及节细胞，视细胞外节基底部新生的膜盘模糊；多数节细胞水肿，胞浆淡染，线粒体空泡化，滑面内质网扩张，粗面内质网扩张脱粒。开搏通终身治疗组眼底及血压正常，超微结构未见明显病变。The fundus and retinal ultrastructural changes of rats with hypertension and such rats having taken life-long captopril treatment were examined by funduscope,light and transmission electron microscopes. The normal rats were the controls. The results showed that in the hypertension group,the ratio of the diameter of the retinal artery to that of the vein was 1:2,the arteries were spastic and nar rowed,their light reflexes were widened and their calibers of the lumens were uneven,the fundus ap-pearances being consistent with grade I and II retinal changes of systemic hypertension. Under the light microscope,it was discovered that the basement membranes of the retinal capillaries were thickened and their lumens narrowed,resulting in retinal ischemia and anoxia。Under the transmission electron micro-scope, the main pathological changes involved the external segments of photoreceptors and ganglionic cells.The pathological changes were hazy renewed membranous discs at the basal portions of the exter nal segments of photoreceptors,edematous ganglionic cells being the majority,their cytoplasm stained pale,mitochondrial vacuolization, enlargement of smooth endoplasmic reticula and degranulation of rough endoplasmic reticula. In the group of rats with hypertension having taken life+long captopriI treat-ment,the fundi and blood pressure remained normal and no significant uItrastructural changes had taken place in their retinae.

关 键 词：高血压 视网膜 开搏通 超微结构 

分 类 号：R544.102[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R774.105[医药卫生—内科学]