籼粳亚种间杂交花培育种及其遗传效应研究  

A STUDY ON THE ANTHER CULTURE BREEDING AND GENETIC EFFICIENCY IN HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN INDICA AND JAPONICA RICE(ORYZA SATIVAL.)

作　　者：李竹英[1] 邢祖颐[1] 袁龙江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所

出　　处：《中国农业科学》1995年第A01期41-48,共8页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

摘　　要：对两个籼粳交组合的Ｆ_１、Ｆ_２、Ｂ_１Ｆ_１，及亲本进行花药培养力和后代遗传变异的研究，结果表明：（１）籼粳交花药培养力与亲本呈正相关，单交、回交及各世代培养力顺序为：Ｂ_１Ｆ_１＞Ｆ_２＞Ｆ_１；（２）籼粳交花培产生的二倍体花粉植株约８６％是纯合的；花培后代不仅具有与相应常规后代同样丰富的遗传类型，而且使某些隐性基因在早代得以充分表达；（３）统计分析了花培与常规后代各主要性状的差异，其中Ｂ_１Ｆ_１Ｈ_２较Ｂ_１Ｆ_２、Ｆ_２Ｈ_２较Ｆ_３结实率均显著提高，且同一组合的Ｂ_１Ｆ_１Ｈ_２较Ｆ_２Ｈ_２结实率高。总之，花药培养为籼粳交育种提供了快速有效的途径。初步明确利用籼粳交选育粳稻新品种时，应以粳稻作轮回亲本，从Ｂ_１Ｆ_１或Ｂ_２Ｆ_１中选株进行花培效果较佳。Both the anther culturability in F_1、F_2、B_1F_1 (Indica/Japonica) and their parents and the genetic variation of their progenies were studied:(1)The anther culturability of Indica/Japonica had positive correlation with their parents,and the sequence of the culturability about different generations is B_1F_1 >F_2>F_1 (2) About 86% of diploid anther-cultured plants from Indica/Japonica were pure;the anther-cultured progenies not only had the same rich genetic types as the conventional progenies,but also made the recessive genes express perfectly in the early generations;(3)The difference on the main traits between anther-cultured and conventional progenies were statistically analyzed,among which the fertility of anther-cultured progenies improved significantly.In the meanwhile,the fertility of B_1F_1H_2 was higher than that of F_2H_2 in the same cross.To sum up,anther culture offered the crossing-breeding between Indica and Japonica rice a quick effective way;it was suggested that the effect of anther culture with B_1F_1 or B_2F_1(Japonica rice as the recurrent parent) was better in Japonica rice breeding by the hybridization between Indica and Japonica rice.

关 键 词：籼粳杂交 花药培养 世代差异 水稻 

分 类 号：S511.035[农业科学—作物学]