稗草和水分胁迫对大豆地上器官氮素分配与积累的交互影响  

Effects of Barnyardgrass and Water Stress on Nitrogen Content,Nitrogen Quata in Above-Ground Plant Oragns and Seed Protein Yield of Soybean

作　　者：由振国[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京农业大学农学与植物遗传育种系,北京100094

出　　处：《北京农业大学学报》1995年第4期383-388,共6页

摘　　要：稗草生长明显降低了大豆籽粒蛋白质产量及氮素向其籽粒中的分配比例,但显著提高了大豆茎、叶、籽含氮量及氮素向其茎、叶中的分配比例。这种影响在座荚期渍涝和鼓粒期干旱条件下最为突出;稗草对大豆粒蛋白质生产的危害在幼苗期一开花期的渍涝条件下显著减轻,而在任一时期的干旱条件下均明显加重,且在座荚期的渍涝处理中比在幼苗期一开花期的溃涝处理中大。不同时期、不同旱涝胁迫处理对大豆籽粒蛋白质产量的降低程度不同,其中旱害远大于涝害,后期旱害大于前期旱害,先涝后旱的危害大于先旱后涝的危害;开花期大豆最不耐涝,鼓粒期最不耐旱。Barnyardgrass(Echinochloa crus-galli)interference significantly reduced the seed protein yield and the nitrogen quata in seeds of soybean,but markedly increased the nitrogen content in its leaves,stems and seeds as well as the nitrogen quata in its leaves and stems.This effect was most promi- nent under the water stress combination'First water logging during the pod setting stage and then drought during the pod filling stage'.Moreover,the protein-yield-reducing effects of barnyardgrass was signifi- cantly weaked under the waterlogging during the seedling and flowing growth stages,but markedly en- hanced under the drought condition during all growth stages.Meanwhile,more soybean protein yield was reduced under the waterlogging stress during the soybean pod setting stage than under the waterlogging stress during the soybean seedling and flowering stage.Both drought and waterlogging decreased the seed protein yield of soybean.Among them,the drought injury was much greater than that of waterlogging in- jury,the injury of later drought was much greater than that of earlier one,the injury of the water stress treatment'First waterlogging and then drought'was greater than that of the opposite treatment'First drought and then waterlogging',and the injury of water stress combination'Waterlogging+drought' was greater than that of a single drought or waterlogging.Soybean plants showed to be least tolerant to waterlogging during the flowering stage and least tolerant to drought during pod filling stage.

关 键 词：大豆 稗草 水分胁迫 氮 蛋白质 

分 类 号：S565.101[农业科学—作物学] S451.1