1980—1989年全球1000hPa高度距平3—5年尺度演变  

3-5 Year Time Scale Evolution of Global 1000 hpa Height Anomaly during 1980-1989

作　　者：吴仁广[1] 陈烈庭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所

出　　处：《大气科学》1995年第5期575-585,共11页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

摘　　要：８０年代发生了两次较强的ＥｌＮｉｎｏ事件。本文利用ＥＣＭＷＦ的月平均资料，分析１９８０－１９８年期间１０００ｈＰａ高度距平３—５年尺度的全球演变特征。发现了南北半球主要正负距平的演变既有驻波特征，又有传播波特征。南半球正负距平的变化与南方涛动相联系而北半球正负距平的变化与北方涛动相联系。二者既互相独立，又互相配合。它们在８０年代两次ＥＮｓＯ过程的演变中都起着重要作用。特别是１９８２／１９８３和１９８６／１９８７年ＥｌＮｉｎｏ事件发生前，分别有明显负距平沿南、北太平洋副热带自西部移向东部，使南、北方涛动减弱。它们的共同作用造成了赤道中东太平洋地区海水的大范围异常增暖。这两次ＥＮＳＯ过程的一个显著差别是，第一次过程中南、北太平洋正负距平的变化较为一致，南、北方涛动的配合较好；而第二次过程中，它们之间的位相差异较明显。这可能是１９８２／１９８３年ＥＩＮｉｎｏ较强，而１９８６／１９８７年赤道中东太平洋地区海温正距平维持较长时间的一个重要原因。文中还对两次过程中构成南、北方涛动的正负距平的来源、移动及相互间的配合进行了详细分析。关键词：The characteristics of 3-5 year time scale evolution of global 1000 hpa height anomaly from 1980through 1989 are investigated. It is found that the main positive and negative anomalies in the Son hemHemisphere and Northern Hemisphere have both standing-type and propagating-type character .ties.The anomalies in the Southern Hemisphere are associated with the Southern Oscillation and those ti theNorthern Hamisphere are related to the Northern Oscillation. The Southern Oscillation and Not hemOscillation are not only independent, but also cooperating. They play impoftant roles in the evohntionof the two ENSO cycles during the 1980's. Especially, when the negative anomalies move from the western to eastern Pacific along the subtropics of the South and North Pacific, the Southern and the h orthern Oscillations are weakened, and broadscale warming occurs in equatorial middle and eastern F tcificon account of their coherent effects. A significant difference betWeen these two ENSO cycles is t) at inthe first cycle, the progress of the positive and negative height anomalies in the South and North F tcificare relatively consistent, and the collaboration of the Southern and the Northern Oscillation is I liter,while in the second cycle, there are obvious phase differences between them. This may be an impt -tautcause to stronger 1982 / 1983 E1 Nino, while the positive SST anomaly is maintained for longer thne inthe equatorial middle and eastern Pacific during 1986 / 1987 EI Nino. The origins, movements an(theircooperation of the positive and negative height anomalies of the Southern and Northern Oscillaton inthese two ENSO cycles are analyzed in detail.

关 键 词：高度距平 南方涛动 北方涛动 海洋 大气 

分 类 号：P732.6[天文地球—海洋科学]