用粉末衍射仪观察高温超导单晶微结构的方法与特点  

THE METHOD AND CHARACTERISTIC WITH X-RAY ROTATING-ANODE DIFFRACTOMETER TO OBSERVE THE STRUCTURE OF SINGLE CRYSTALS

作　　者：徐政[1] 赵小如[1] 吴文彬[1] 周贵恩[1] 李晓光[1] 张裕恒 

机构地区：[1]同济大学材料科学与工程系,中国科学技术大学结构分析开放实验室

出　　处：《低温物理学报》1995年第6期435-443,共9页Low Temperature Physical Letters

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金

摘　　要：从正格子与倒格子的关系出发，详细地讨论了在正空间的布拉格反射与倒易空间劳厄方程的等价关系，并清晰地给出了在两个空间中它们相互统一的物理图象．分析了用粉末衍射仪观察高温超导单晶结构的多级衍射、摇摆曲线、β扫描所反应的结构信息，并着重讨论了用来观察超导结构单晶调制结构的摇摆曲线在倒易空间的反映，指出调制峰的形状、强弱反映的是倒易空间中倒格点的拉长效应．最后，用Ｂｉ２２１２相超导单晶作为例子，说明了粉末衍射仪在观察单晶的微结构与超结构中的具体运用．Abstract With the relationship of the real lattice and reciprocial lattice, the equivalence of Bragg reflection in the real space and Lane equation in the reciprocial space was discussed in detail, and the correspondent physics patterns were shown clearly in both space frames.The structure information of single crystals accorrespond to multi-order diffraction,rocking curve and β-scan with X-ray rotating-anode diffractomer was studied, and the image in reciprocial space represented the rocking curves which were used to observe the modulated structure of superstructure single crystals was analysed preferably,indicating that the outline and intensity of the modulated peaks represented the stretched effect of diffraction plots in reciprocial space. Finally, we set an example of Bi2212 phase superconducting single crystal in order to express the practical usage of X-ray rotating-anode diffractomer in observing the microstructure and superstructure of single crystals.

关 键 词：超导体 单晶 微结构 衍射仪 

分 类 号：TM262[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]