全球变化与亚洲季风  

GLOBAL CHANGE AND ASIAN MONSOON

作　　者：江爱良[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家计划委员会自然资源综合考察委员会

出　　处：《第四纪研究》1995年第3期232-242,共11页Quaternary Sciences

摘　　要：本文介绍近年来季风研究的某些进展，着重介绍和探讨青藏高原和ＥＮＳＯ事件对于中国和印度夏季风雨量变化的影响以及在全球变暖的背景下中国和印度季风雨量的可能变化。Some progresses on the study of monsoon in recent years are introduced in this paper.The focal point is to study the impact of the Tibetan Plateau and the ENSO event on Chinese and indian Monsoon rainfall and its the possible change under the background of global warming.Before the 1980s, Chinese scientists held that monsoon is caused by the thermodynamic difference between solar radiations on continent and ocean in summer and winter, and the Tibetan Plateau functions as intensifying and stabilizing monsoon in the summer. For example, there was a closed high pressure centre in the temperature field on 500 hPa in July. The high centre is close to Lhasa (30°N, 90°E),with a little moving from year to year. The temperature at the centre is 6-10℃higher than south and north of it. This centre results from the famous thermal source of the Tibetan Plateau. The result of numerical simulation demonstrated that the thermal source of atmosphere above the Tibetan Plateau has a very important effect on forming and maintaining the monsoon circulation of East and South Asia.In the summer, the superposition of both solar radiation and the temperature difference between ocean and continent makes the temperature in the Arabian Peninsula 16℃ higher than that near the equator in the Indian Ocean. This is a basic reason for forming indian monsoon. The temperature gradient is not too large in the 0--20'N region of East Asia. But, north of 25°N, temperature gradient formed by solar radiation is opposite to the temperature gradient formed by temperature difference between ocean and continent, with both to cancel out each other. Therefore, the temperature difference between South and North China is not large in the summer, resulting in a prevailing South wind.Asian monsoon is a major factor in the atmosphere-ocean-Asian monsoon coupled system and also plays an important role in the global climate system.The ENSO event is a phenomenon due to the combination of E1 Nino and Southern Oscillation. It has an important effect on prec

关 键 词：全球变化 亚洲 季风 气候变化 

分 类 号：P425.42[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P467