提莫菲维小麦C-带和N-带异染色质的比较研究  

Comparative Studies on C-banded and N-banded Heterochromatin of Triticum timopheevi Zhuk

作　　者：陈增建 禹宏 

机构地区：[1]东北农学院作物遗传教研室

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》1989年第4期251-255,共5页

摘　　要：利用C-带和N-带分别及连续处理技术对提莫菲维小麦(Triticum timopheevi Zhuk.)的染色体带型及异染色质的类型与分布进行比较分析。结果表明,提莫菲维小麦的4A染色体以及G-染色体组带型丰富,并具有明显的端带,其异染色质是多样化的。4G和6G为随体染色体,随体显带明显。在提莫菲维小麦的染色体中异染色质类型有:(1)只有C^+N^+型(4A、4G、6G和7G染色体);(2)只有C^+N^-型(1A、5A、6A和7A染色体);(3)C^+N^+和C^+N^-型(2A、3A、1G、2G、3G和5G染色体)。在C-带和N-带连续处理中,N-带异染色质的消失部位在1G、2G、3G和5G染色体的端部,3A染色体的着丝点附近以及染色体1A、2A、5A、6A和7A的着丝点附近及端部。本文还讨论了C-带和N-带异染色质的异同以及端部异染色质在G染色体组进化中的可能作用。With separate C-and N-banding and sequential C-and N-banding analyses,we observed that C-and N-bands were prominent in T.timopheevi Zhuk chromosomes,and the lomeric bands existed on most of the chromosomes in G genome,which appears to correspond to the diversity of T.timopheevi Zhuk.heterochromatin.Chromosomes 4G and 6G are satellitic chromosomes,and C-and N-bands could be identified in their satellites.Three types of heterochromatin appeared in A and G genomes,they are:(1) only C-banding positive and N-banding positive heterochromatin (C+N+) in chromosomes 4A,4G,6G,and 7G,(2) only C-banding positive and N-banding negative heterochromatin (C+N-) in chromosomes 1A,5A,6A and 7A,and (3) both C+N+and C+N-in chromosomes 2A.3A,1C,2G,3G and 5G.The deficiency of N-banded heterochromatin occurred near the centromere of chromosome 3A,the telomeres of chromosomes 1G,2G,3G and 5G,and both the centromeres and telomeres of chromosomes 1A,2A,5A,6A and 7A,respectively.The differences between C-banded and N-banded heterochromatin and possible effects of telo-heterochromatin modifications on th'e evolution of G genome were also discussed.

关 键 词：提莫菲维小麦 异染色质 分带 进化 

分 类 号：S321[农业科学—作物遗传育种]