箭杆杨和梭梭柴水量平衡的研究  

STUDIES ON THE WATER BALANCE IN HALOXYLON AMMODENDRON AND POPULUS NIGRA VAR. THEVESTINA

作　　者：李银芳[1] 杨戈[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生物土壤沙漠研究所

出　　处：《干旱区研究》1995年第1期32-36,共5页Arid Zone Research

摘　　要：采用非称重蒸渗仪对箭杆杨、梭梭柴的水量平衡各分量变比规律进行了探讨．箭杆杨和梭梭柴水量平衡各分量的分配比例为：灌溉＋降水均为１００％，蒸散量５１．１％、７７．７％，渗漏量４８．９％、１４．２％，土壤水变化量不足０．１％、８．１％．分别就两个树种灌溉对蒸散和渗漏水分循环的影响进行了分析。初步确定二年生箭杆杨合理灌溉指标为：５、９两月每月灌溉１次，灌溉量９００ｍ３／ｈａ（９０ｍｍ），６、７、８三个月每月灌溉两次，每次的灌溉量也为９０Ｏｍ３／ｈａ，每月为１８００ｍ３／ｈａ。每公顷每年由造林规程的９９００—１３２００ｍ３／ｈａ减少到７２００ｍ３／ｈａ。梭梭柴保证每年１１月初灌溉１次．灌溉量１５００ｍ３／ｈａ（１５０ｍｍ）。In this paper,the variational regularity of various components of water balance in H. ammodendron and P. nigra var. thevestina with nonweighing lysimeters has been studied. The proportions of various components of water balance in this two plants are: irrigation+precipitation are all 100%,evapotranspiration: 77. 7% and 51. 1%, seepagation: 14.2%and 48. 9%,the variation of soil water less than 8. 1% and 0. 1%.The effect of irrigation to the water cycle of evapotranspriation and seepagation has been also studied. The irrigation index of two year old P. nigra var. thevestina is that: irrigation capacity is 900m3/ha. (90mm),one time each month in May and Sept.,two times in Jun.,Jul.and Agu., each time also 900m3/ha (90mm), altogether, the irrigation capacity is 1800m/ha each month. Each hectare, one year, the irrigation capacity becomes 7200m from 9900 13200m, according to the afforestation regulation. It's necessary to irrigate one time in the early of Nov. for H. ammodendron, the irrigation capacity is 1500m3/ha. (150mm).

关 键 词：森林 水土保持 水量平衡 箭杆杨 梭梭柴 

分 类 号：S714.7[农业科学—林学]